Theme 1 Flashcards
Amenities
Basic requirements for living, for example: piped water; gas and electricity
Asylum seeker
A migrant who fears for their life if they stay in their original country
Brain drain
The loss of a number or highly qualified workers due to emigration
Brownfield site
A site that has been built on before, but has fallen into dereliction
Central business district (CBD)
In the middle of a town or city, this is the main commercial and shopping area
Community
A group of people who interact with each other, living nearby
Commuters
People who live some distance from work and who travel daily to work
Congested
An area crowded with traffic or people meaning that movement is difficult
Conserve
To care an protect resources and the environment
Counter-urbanisation
The process by which people within a country live in the countryside as opposed to towns and cities. ‘London To Hook Case Study’
Deprivation
A lack of basic human need
Disposable income
The amount of money a person or family has left when all the essential bills have been paid
Dormant village
A village where it’s residents are not there during the daytime
Eco-towns
Environmentally friendly urban spaces which are sustainable
Economic migrant
Some one who moves due to a new job or financial reasons
Emigrant
A person who leaves a country
Food desert
When a person lives more than 500m from a shop selling fresh fruit and vegetables
Fuel poverties
When someone spends more than 10% of their income on energy bills
Gentrification
The modernisation of buildings, but not their removal/destruction
Greenfield site
A site that has never been built on before
Green belt land
Land that is found around the edge of a settlement, that is protected by law, to make sure that urban sprawl can not happen
High order goods
Goods that are brought occasionally or very rarely and are often expensive. For example a wedding dress or a grand piano
Honeypot sites
A place/area that attracts many tourists
Host region
The places that people go to when they migrate
Immigrant
A person who arrives into a country
Inequality
When a person has less than another, for example: money or food
Infrastructure
Systems put into place to make things work efficiently, for example: paved roads
Inner city
The zone surrounding the CBD in an MEDC city. Traditionally areas of low quality housing, they are now rapidly changing and developing
LEDC
Less economically developed country, for example: Somalia
Low order goods
Goods that are brought every day for little cost, for example: a pint of milk or a newspaper
MEDC
More economically developed country, for example: USA
Mega-cities
Cities with a population of over 10 million
Migrants
People who move from one place to another in order to live
Migration
The movement of people from one place to another in order to live
National Park
Areas of protected landscape, including some of the most beautiful and remote areas of England and Wales. The first park in the UK was the peak district set up in 1951
Negative multiplier effect
The downward spiral of an area
Non-governmental organisations
Non-profit making organisations, such as Oxfam; ActionAid and WaterAid, which are independent of the government
owner occupied
A house that is lived in by the people that own it
Privately rented
A house that is rented from a private landlord
Population
The number of people
Positive multiplier effect
The upward spiral of an area
Pull factors
Features of an area that encourage migrants into it
Push factors
Features of an area that encourage migrants to leave it
Quality of life
A measure of how happy and content people are with their lives
Receiving areas
Those places that people move to when they migrate
Redevelopment
The improvement of an area, through the tearing down of lowqality buildings and it being replaced by new, higher quality buildings
Refugee
A forced migrant who has had to leave their homes. Could be due to a natural hazard such as flooding or famine
Second home
Houses which are used only on weekends and during the holidays
Self-help schemes
Schemes in which ordinary people improve their shantytown, by putting up brick buildings; with running water; sewers and electricity, directly connected to the houses
Services
Features of an area that help to improve the quality of life of people living in it. They range from shops to healthcare; entertainment and the provision of water. ‘Bluewater, Kent case study’
Settlement
A place where people live
Social housing
A house that is rented from either council or housing association
Source region
The places that people leave when they migrate
Squatter settlements
Often illegal groupings of houses on the edge of LEDC cities, built by the people who live in them from any materials they can find, for example: corrugated iron ore rubbish. In Brazil these areas are called favelas.
Standard of living
The state of housing; number of possessions and income of a person
Suburbs
The area found towards the edge of MEDC cities, in which semidetached and detached housing is found
Sustainability
The use of resources without damaging them for future generations
Tax
And imposed financial charge paid by every employed person to the government
Tele-workers
Workers who work for more than 90% of the time from home, only going in for the occasional meeting
Tourist
A person who travels for recreational and leisure purposes
Urban dereliction
The neglect and decay of part of parts of a town or city
Urbanisation
The process by which an increasing number of people living in towns and cities as opposed to the countryside
Urban renewal
The process by which derelict areas of a town or city or improved by upgrading existing buildings
Urban-rural fringe
The areas on the very edge of the city area where it meets the countryside
Urban sprawl
The spread of towns and cities outwards
Affordable homes
Homes that are affordable to people who have medium to low income
