The World Wars (1914-1918), (1939-1945)

Question 1

Type of war

Answer 1

Between countries - Britain and Germany
Invasion
Defence

Question 2

Attitudes and responses

Answer 2

-wars are supported
-Britain has to borrow money from other countries
-British Empire starts to collapse because they don’t have the ability/finance to manage it
-use of propaganda - posters, films, newspapers (censorship), radio, shows - pro-British/pro-government

Question 3

Impact on people

Answer 3

-direct, indirect, psychological, cultural
-WWI deaths:
>Entente - 6 million military; CP - 4 million military
-WWII deaths:
>Allied C - 58%; Allied M - 25%; Axis C - 4%; Axis M - 13%
-WWI:
>rationing, licensing hours, British Summer Time
>Representation of the People Act 1918 - changing voting rights of people such as younger men and WOMEN.
>high unemployment due to men returning and women sent home
>General Strike in 1926
-WWII:
>rationing, licensing hours
>Britain needs to be rebuilt in terms of economy and buildings for people who lost living spaces in Blitz.
>Labour Party won election because they wanted to tackle issue of disease, while Tories didn’t - NHS

Question 4

Impact on government

Answer 4

-Defence of the Realm Act (DORA) - implemented in both wars, which reduced people’s privacy in hopes of winning; no one allowed to talk or spread rumours about military matters; no one allowed to light bonfires/fireworks; government could censor newspapers.
-Strength of government increases in terms of morale (even though Tories lost election)
-Lloyd George wanted to rebuild Britain.
-Beveridge Report - 5 Giant evils: poverty, disease, ignorance, squalor and idleness
>government decided they would sort it.
-P.M. Attlee introduces NHS.