The Working Memory Model

Question 1

Who created the working memory model (WMM)?

Answer 1

Baddeley and Hitch

Question 2

What is the WMM?

Answer 2

An explanation of memory that includes multiple STM stores

Question 3

What caused the WMM to be created?

Answer 3

Dual task performance that disproved the MSM

Question 4

How many slave systems are there in the WMM?

Answer 4

4

Question 5

What are the 4 WMM slave systems?

Answer 5

The central executive, the phonological loop, the visuo-spatial sketchpad and the episodic buffer

Question 6

What does the central executive do?

Answer 6

Monitors and coordinates all other mental functions in working memory

Question 7

Where does information come from when it goes to the CE?

Answer 7

The LTM or the senses

Question 8

What is the capacity of the CE?

Answer 8

Very limited

Question 9

What is the phonological loop?

Answer 9

A slave system that codes speech sounds in the working memory

Question 10

What can the phonological loop be subdivided into?

Answer 10

Articulatory process and phonological store

Question 11

What is the articulatory process?

Answer 11

The inner voice

Question 12

What is the phonological store?

Answer 12

The inner ear

Question 13

What is the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

Answer 13

A slave system that codes visual information in terms of the individual objects, as well as their arrangement

Question 14

What can the visuo-spatial sketchpad be subdivided into?

Answer 14

Visual cache and inner scribe

Question 15

What is the visual cache?

Answer 15

Stores information about visual items

Question 16

What is the inner scribe?

Answer 16

Stores the arrangement of objects in the visual field

Question 17

What is the episodic buffer?

Answer 17

A slave system that receives input from many sources, temporarily stores the information and then integrates it to create a memory

Question 18

What are the 4 AO3 points of the WMM?

Answer 18

1) Case study support (KF)
2) Research support (Dual task studies)
3) CE too vague
4) Evidence for the phonological loop and articulatory process

Question 19

What type of accident was KF involved in?

Answer 19

A motorcycle accident

Question 20

What tasks was KF able to do?

Answer 20

Short term visual tasks

Question 21

What tasks was KF unable to do?

Answer 21

Short term verbal tasks

Question 22

What does KF provide support for?

Answer 22

Separate STM stores as proposed by WMM

Question 23

Why are the findings about KF ungeneralisable?

Answer 23

Because his condition was highly unique

Question 24

What cause and effect relationship is unable to be established from KF?

Answer 24

Cause = damaged phonological loop
Effect = poor performance on short term verbal tasks

Question 25

What acts as a confounding variable in KF's case?

Answer 25

Potential damage to other brain regions

Question 26

Why was the MSM unable to explain dual task performance?

Answer 26

Because individuals are able to engage in two different short term tasks at once (NOT UNITARY)

Question 27

What was the visual task in Baddeley's dual task study?

Answer 27

Tracking light

Question 28

What was the verbal task in Baddeley's dual task study?

Answer 28

Describing angles

Question 29

What is the issue with dual task studies?

Answer 29

Lab studies that use artificial tasks - LACK MUNDANE REALISM + ECOLOGICAL VALIDITY

Question 30

What does the central executive appear to be the same as?

Answer 30

Attention

Question 31

Why does the central executive lack scientific rigour?

Answer 31

It is unfalsifiable

Question 32

Why have psychologists suggested that the central executive is wrong?

Answer 32

They believe it isn't one single component

Question 33

What effect is the WMM able to explain?

Answer 33

Word length effect

Question 34

Why are we more likely to forget longer words than shorter words?

Answer 34

They don’t fit in our phonological loop

Question 35

What happens to the word length effect when completing an articulatory suppression task?

Answer 35

It disappears

Question 36

What is the duration of the phonological loop?

Answer 36

It holds the amount of information you can say in 2 seconds