The 'Windrush' Generation

Question 1

How many Africans were transported by Britain between 1562 and 1807?

Answer 1

It is estimated that Britain transported 3.1 million Africans to British colonies in North and
South America and Caribbean islands between 1562 and 1807. Conditions were so bad on the ships that only 2.7 million of these enslaved people survived the journey.

Question 2

How wealthy did the trade make Britain?

Answer 2

A very wealthy country

Question 3

When was it illegal to own and ship an enslaved person?

Answer 3

In 1807, the British Parliament passed a law that made it illegal to transport enslaved Africans to the British Empire in order to sell them. However, enslaved people who were already in the colonies were not made free, and could still be bought and sold by local slave owner In 1833, Parliament banned slave ownership too.

Question 4

Caribbean immigration before the Second world war- key figures. Name 2

Answer 4

Mary prince
Walter tull
William Cuffay
Mary Seacole

Question 5

On what date did the Empire Windrush boat dock at Tilbury docks?

Answer 5

On 22 June 1948

Question 6

Migration to Britain. Carribean. World war 2

Answer 6

Many people from Britain’s Caribbean colonies had contributed to Britain’s effort in the Second World War. When the fighting ended, some stayed in Britain, but most went back home.

Question 7

What were Carribean people taught at school about Britain

Answer 7

many had been taught in school that Britain was the ‘mother country’ where they would always
feel supported and welcome. As a result, many ambitious young Caribbean people decided that they would migrate to Britain in search of new opportunities.

Question 8

What boat carried Carribean migrants to Britain?

Answer 8

Empire Windrush

Question 9

Why was Britain short of workers?

Answer 9

Britain was very short of workers after the war. In part, this was because many British people had migrated to countries such as Canada and Australia, in search of a better life. In Britain, large areas of many cities had been destroyed by enemy bombing.

Question 10

What was the act called that was passed in 1948- migration in britain?

Answer 10

British Nationality Act

Question 11

When was the British Nationality Act passed?

Answer 11

July 1948

Question 12

What did the British Nationality Act give?

Answer 12

It gave people a passport and to live and work in Britain legally who lived in countries of the British Empire.

Question 13

True or False: Empire Windrush was the first boat to bring Carribean Migrants

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What are some positive reactions to the Windrush generation? Name 3

Answer 14

-some found jobs quickly
-September 1963 a Sikh named Raghbir Singh became Bristol’s first non-white bus conductor
-some found good jobs

Question 15

What are some negative reactions to the windrush generation?

Answer 15

-qualifications not recognised
-many ended up in low paid-jobs
-difficulty finding homes
-racism very common
-unofficial ‘colour bar’ was put in place This was a racist system that meant that Black and Asian people were denied the opportunities that were available to white people.

Question 16

What was intoduced by some of the existing populations of towns and cities with
large migrant communities?

Answer 16

unofficial ‘colour bar’ was put in place This was a racist system that meant that Black and Asian people were denied the opportunities that were available to white people.

Question 17

What happened in 1958 in Britain?

Answer 17

A series of attacks happened on black and asian people

Question 18

What happened in 1955 that bus workers agreed on?

Answer 18

bus workers agree to a rule that banned Black and Asian men and women from working on buses as drivers or conductors. The bus company’s leaders went along with the decision it workers had made and, by the early 1960s, no Black or Asian man or woman had ever been hired to work on
Bristol’s buses.

Question 19

Who was paul stephenson?

Answer 19

Stephenson was a political activist with a West African father and an English mother of mixed
ancestry. He was a spokesperson

Question 20

What happened in 1961 that made a campaign start founded by A core carribean group?

Answer 20

In 1961, a local newspaper, the Bristol Evening Post, published a series of articles on the racist employment practices at the bus company

Question 21

What did stephenson announce of bristol buses?

Answer 21

A boycott

Question 22

When did the bus company end its ‘colour bar’?

Answer 22

The announcement was made on 28 August 1963, the same day that Martin Luther King Jr made his famous I Have a Dream’ speech in Washington.

Question 23

When did Enoch powell make a very controversial speech?

Answer 23

In 1968

Question 24

What was Enoch powells speech called?

Answer 24

Rivers of Blood speech

Question 25

What was the impact of Enoch powells speech?

Answer 25

Many white people started protesting in support of him. Some poeple against hin aswell

Question 26

What was the windrush scandal?

Answer 26

In 2012, the British government introduced new rules relating to migration. People now had to show documents proving they had a right to live in the country before they could rent a home, start a new job or receive medical treatment.

Question 27

Why was the windrush scandal devasting news for the windrush generation?

Answer 27

Because many did not have documents