The Wet Eye Flashcards
what does the prefix mean? Blephar-
eyelid
what does the prefix mean? Dacryo-
nasolacrimal system
what does the prefix mean? Kerat-
cornea
what does the prefix mean? Cyclo-
refers to ciliary body
what does the prefix mean? Phac-
lens
what does the prefix mean? Hyalo
refers to vitreous
epiphora - define
overflow of tears onto the face
incr tearing d/t trigeminal irritation - causes
corneal ulcer, foreign body
incr tearing d/t drainage problems - causes
Prolapsed of the gland of the nictitans membrane
Eyelid abnormality: entropion / ectropion
Blockage of the nasolacrimal system
3 components of tears
lipid
aqueous
mucin
role of lipid in tears
Reduces evaporation of tears
Meibomian glands / Tarsal glands
role of aqueous in tears
Nourishes ocular surface
Lacrimal gland & Accessory lacrimal gland (aka Nictitating
membrane gland)
role of mucin in tears
helps the aqueous part adhere to corneal surface
Goblet cells
causes of corneal irritation (trigeminal irritation)
Distichiasis, Trichiasis, Ectopic cilium
Foreign body
Corneal ulceration
Lymphoplasmacitic infiltrate (LPI) cornea
LPI of nictitans membrane (aka: plasmoma)
Eyelid mass
Entropion
when to remove an eyelid mass
If affects less than 25% eyelid margin
Wedge resection (house or inverted house)
If affects more than 25% then consider referral
aquired entropion
d/t eyelid and skull extreme conformations
Elderly dogs and cats due to laxity of tissues and loss
of retro-orbital fat
Blepharospasm
The eye is closed tightly
Can lead to secondary entropion - Spastic entropion
treatment of entropion
Apply 1 drop of proxymetacaine (topical anesthetic)
If entropion persists, it needs surgical correction
If entropion disappears, investigate the source of ophthalmic pain
eyelid abnormalities
Euryblepharon (= macroblepharon) Entropion Ectropion Combination of above: diamond eye or pagoda eye Coloboma /Agenesis
Dacryocystitis
Generally foreign body present
Idiopathic: unidentified debris
