The Vertebral Column and Back

Question 1

Increase in weight of abdominal contents, e.g. during pregnancy, produces this curvature in the lumbar vertebrae

Answer 1

Lordosis

Question 2

Secondary curvature of the vertebral column

Answer 2

Cervical and lumbar

Question 3

Lateral deviation of the vertebral column

Answer 3

Scoliosis

Question 4

The dens is located in which vertebra?

Answer 4

Axis

Question 5

Vertebrae that have bifid spinous process

Answer 5

C3 to C6

Question 6

The foramen transversarium of these vertebrae contain the vertebral arteries

Answer 6

C1 to C6

Question 7

Inferiorly, the articular processes of typical cervical vertebrae are oriented:

Answer 7

Anteriorly

Question 8

The vertebral artery is a brach of the _ part of the _

Answer 8

First part of the subclavian artery

Question 9

The tubercles of ribs are connected to the costal facets on the

Answer 9

Transverse processes of T1 to T10

Question 10

Shape of the vertebral foramina in lumbar vertebrae

Answer 10

Triangular

Question 11

The sigmoid colon ends at what vertebral level?

Answer 11

S3

Question 12

In a normal adult, the spinal cord ends at the level of

Answer 12

L1-L2

Question 13

The umbilicus is at this vertebral level

Answer 13

L3

Question 14

The tapered end of the spinal cord is also called the

Answer 14

Conus medullaris

Question 15

The subarachnoid space ends at what level?

Answer 15

S2-S3

Question 16

This term refers to the collection of posterior and anterior roots occupying the lumbar cisterns

Answer 16

Cauda equina

Question 17

At 6 months’ age of gestation, the spinal cord ends at the:

Answer 17

S1

Question 18

The fasciculus cuneatus ends at

Answer 18

T6

Question 19

This ascending tract is responsible for position sense and stereognosis

Answer 19

Dorsal / Posterior column

Question 20

The lateral spinothalamic tract transmits these types of sensation

Answer 20

Pain and temperature

Question 21

Touch and pressure is relayed in the spinal cord via

Answer 21

Anterior spinothalamic tract

Question 22

The corticospinal tract decussates at

Answer 22

Medulla

Question 23

Type of paralysis in lower motor neuron lesions

Answer 23

Flaccid

Question 24

Spinal shock is tested by this reflex

Answer 24

Anal sphincter reflex

Question 25

Spinal cord syndrome commonly seen in syringomyelia

Answer 25

Central cord syndrome

Question 26

In central cord syndrome, the patter of pain and temperature sensation loss is described as

Answer 26

Cape-like

Question 27

In poliomyelitis, there is loss of function of these cells

Answer 27

Anterior horn cells

Question 28

Lou Gehrig’s disease is a pure motor disease involving both upper and lower motor neurons. This disease is also known as:

Answer 28

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Question 29

In subacute combined degeneration due to cobalamin deficiency, these parts of the spinal cord are affected

Answer 29

Posterior and lateral columns

Question 30

In anterior cord syndrome, these modalities of sensation are typically intact.

Answer 30

Position sense

Stereognosis

Question 31

A patient with Brown-Sequard syndrome manifests symptoms on the ipsilateral side of the lesion except in these types of sensation

Answer 31

Pain and temperature

Question 32

A patient who sways and falls when the eyes are open probably has a lesion in the

Answer 32

Cerebellum

Question 33

In the brainstem, the fasciculi cuneatus and gracilis form the

Answer 33

Lemniscal pathway

Question 34

The spinothalamic tract decussates at

Answer 34

1-2 segments above

Question 35

Most common site of herniation in the cervical vertebrae

Answer 35

C5-C6

Question 36

Herniation of the C4-C5 intervertebral disc results in compression of this nerve root

Answer 36

C5 nerve root

Question 37

Spinal root that mediates the patellar tendon reflex

Answer 37

L4

Question 38

The path of least resistance in the annulus fibrosus is in this part.

Answer 38

Posterolateral

Question 39

Between the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligament, which one is wider and stronger?

Answer 39

Anterior longitundinal ligament

Question 40

The most severe type of spina bifida

Answer 40

Spina bifida with myeloschisis

Question 41

Enumerate the three deep muscles of the back from the most superficial to the deepest

Answer 41

Erector spinae
Transversospinalis
Interspinalis

Question 42

Boundaries of the triangle of auscultation

Answer 42

Latissimus dorsi
Trapezius
Medial border of scapula

Question 43

The lumbar triangle of Petit, a potential site for lumbar hernia, is bounded by:

Answer 43

External oblique
Latissimus dorsi
Iliac crest