The US Constitution Flashcards
1
Q
Presidential Requirements
A
-35 years old, natural born citizen, 14 years a resident of the US
2
Q
Article 1 Section 8 of the Constitution outlines…
A
The powers of congress
3
Q
Congress is composed of
A
The House of Reps and Senate
4
Q
The house of reps serve
A
For two years
5
Q
The senate is re-elected as a whole every
A
6 years
6
Q
House of reps requirements
A
- 25
- Citizen for 7 years
7
Q
Who chooses the speaker of the house
A
HOR
8
Q
Who can impeach the president
A
The HOR
9
Q
Who holds court for impeachment trials
A
The senate
10
Q
Senate requirements
A
- 30
- 9 year citizen
11
Q
Who manages congressional elections
A
The states
12
Q
Where does election law fall under
A
Reserved powers for states
13
Q
Article 1 of Constitution
A
Legislative Branch
14
Q
Article 2 Section 2
A
Powers of the President
15
Q
Article 2
A
Executive Branch
16
Q
Article 3
A
Judicial Branch (shortest of them all)
17
Q
Article 3 Section 2
A
Powers of the judiciary; also outlines original jurisdiction of Supreme Court
18
Q
Article.4
A
State’s rights and expectations
19
Q
Article 4 Section 2
A
Privileges and Immunities Clause: citizens of one state be treated equally as citizens of other states
20
Q
Article 5 of constitution
A
Amending the constitution
21
Q
Article 6 Clause 2
A
Supremacy clause
22
Q
Article 6 of the constitution outlines
A
Debts, Supremacy, Religious tests, and oath
23
Q
Article 7
A
Ratifying constitution
24
Q
How many states were needed to ratify the constitution
A
9
25
Two methods of proposing an amendment
2/3 congress
| 2/3 state approval @ convention
26
Two methods of ratifying a constitution
3/4 of congress
| 3/4 of states approval @ convention
27
1 amendment
Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition against the government without consequence
28
2nd amendment
Right to bear arms
29
3rd amendment
No forced quartering of soldiers
30
4th amendment
Protests against unreasonable search and seizure
31
5th amendment
Double jeopardy, self-incrimination, no deprivation of natural rights without due process, eminent domain
32
Eminent domain
Power of government to take private property for public use
33
6th amendment
Right to speedy and public trial by an impartial jury
34
7th amendment
Right to trial by jury
35
8th amendment
No excessive bail or cruel/harsh punishment
36
9th amendment
Protects unenumerated rights/// all rights not listed under the constitution are thus delegated to the people
37
10th amendment
Powers reserved to states are those not delegated to the federal government, and those that are not prohibited by the constitution
38
11th amendment
One state cannot be sued by another state
39
12th amendment
Election of Vice President and president
40
13th amendment
Abolished slavery, except as punishment for a crime (1865)
41
14th amendment
Declares that all persons born in the US are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws
42
15th amendment
Citizens cannot be denied rights to vote on the basis of race, color, or previous condition of servitude
43
14th amendment repeals
3/5 compromise
44
16th amendment
Allows the federal government to collect income tax
45
17th amendment
Direct election of senators by the people (1913)
46
18th amendment
Prohibition of alcohol
47
21 amendment repeals
18th amendment
48
19th amendment
Woman’s suffrage // woman’s right to vote 1920
49
20th amendment
Congress begins on Jan 20, presidency starts Jan 20th// shortens gap for Lame Duck gap
50
22nd amendment
Limit presidency for 2 terms
51
23rd amendment
Gives Washington DC electoral college votes as if it were a state
52
24th amendment
No poll tax
53
25th amendment
Presidential Succession
54
26th amendment
Lowered voting age from 21 to 18
55
27th amendment
Congressional pay raises are not begun until the next election
56
What is outlined in the preamble
In order to form a more perfect Union
- establish Justice,
- insure domestic Tranquility,
- provide for the common defence,
- promote the general Welfare,
- secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity,
57
What are the requirements to be convicted of treason
- plan to overthrow the government
- side with or assist an enemy of the United States
- have two witnesses
58
In what year was the bill of rights ratified
1791
59
In what article is treason outlined in the constitution
Article 3 Section 3
60
Powers of Congress
- must agree to all treaties and actions with foreign relations
61
Congress must meet…
Once every year
62
Proposed amendments have to ratified within
7 years
63
Supremacy Clause
The Supremacy clause states that the Constitution, federal law, and treaties are all supreme laws of the land. This means that..
- state law conflicting national law is unconstitutional and federal law takes precedence
- essential to Constitutional republic
- AOC wasn't this way
64
Privileges and Immunities Clause
The Privileges and Immunities Clause declares that states can not pass any laws which abridge the fundamental rights of Citizens.
- Are required to ensure citizens rights listed under the Bill of Rights
- 14th Amendment, Reconstruction Amendment, originally for freed slaves
65
Necessary and Proper Clause
The necessary and proper clause grants congress implied powers; powers not listed under the constitution but are 'necessary and proper' to carry out enumerated powers
- Congress can pass laws that give them implied powers
- expands national gov's policymaking ability (elastic clause)
- United State's first national bank
66
Full Faith and Credit
Full Faith and Credit declares that states must follow the laws and court proceedings of other states.
- Citizens cannot commit violations in other states and seek refuge in their own
- Ensures state respect for authority and unity
- Although found under the AOC, states didn't follow and acted independently of each other
67
bills of attainer
Bills that convicted someone without crime
68
Enumerated Powers of the PResident
- Nominates key executive officers
- Commander in Chief of military; raise army
- Negotiates treaties with foreign nations
- May veto bills from congress (CB)
- Nominate justices (CB)
69
Judicial Expressed powers
- interprets constitution
- original jurisdiction over state disputes and disputes between ambassadors or high-ranking ministers
- appellate jurisdiction "Court of LAst Resort"
- Judicial Review (CB)
70
ex post facto laws
laws that convict someone of a crime that wasn't a crime when the person committed it
71
Legislative Branch Enumerated Powers
- make laws
- declare war and ratify treaties
- Power of the purse
- approve presidential nominations; justice and officers
- Override presidential veto (CB
- Impeach justices and president (CB)
72
Fugitive Slave Clause
- slaves, even if they fled to a free state, must return to their masters no matter what state law sats
- Effective until after 1808
73
Compromise on Importation
-Congress can not pass laws that prohibit the importation of slaves before the year of 1808
74
Equal Protection Clause
The equal protection clause declares that all persons deserve equal protection of the laws regardless of who they are. Laws that apply to some, apply to all.
- 14th amendment
- reconstruction
- made for slaves
75
Establishment Clause
the establishment clause states that congress cannot pass a law that is respective or restrictive or religion.
- this means that there is a separation of church and state
- found under 1st amendment
- all citizens have the freedom to pursue religion and freedom from having religion forced on them
76
Commerce Clause
- Congress can regulate national commerce.
- interstate
- foreign
- Indian tribes
- under AOC, this was just states
