The Troubles

Question 1

What was the troubles?

Answer 1

◍ Conflict- NAtionalists and Unionists
◍ Catholics demanded civil rights
◍ IRA demanded a united Ireland

Question 2

Long term causes

Answer 2

◍British conquest and colonisation
◍ Struggle for independence
◍ PArtitions

Question 3

Partition

Answer 3

◍ Unionist resisted Home Rule
◍ Gov. of Ireland Act. 1920 gave a separate parliament to NI
◍ Unionists dominated this parliament
◍ Passed laws to maintain their control

Question 4

Short term causes

Answer 4

◍ Discrimination [housing and jobs]
◍ Education Act 1947 and Catholic leadership
◍ Civil rights

Question 5

Gerrymandering

Answer 5

◍ Unionists rigged votes so they controlled council’s in catholic areas
◍ Housing allocation
◍ Unionist council favoured prod houses and jobs

Question 6

Education Act 1947

Answer 6

◍ Welfare State after WW2
◍ Free Secondary Education
◍ Grants for university
◍ Middle-class leadership - John Hume, Austin Currie

Question 7

Civil Rights Demands

Answer 7

◍ One man One vote
◍ End to gerrymandering
◍ End to discrimination in housing and jobs

Question 8

NICRA

Answer 8

◍ Northern IReland Civil Rights Association

Question 9

Day the troubles began

Answer 9

◍ 5 October 1968- Civil rights marched attacked by RUC [NI police] in Derry.
◍ Police used battons and water canons
◍ Prime Minister -> O’Neill forced to bring refere to the RUC

Question 10

Battle Of Bogside

Answer 10

◍ Protestant Apprentice Boys marched in Derry 12th
◍ British troops brought in to protect nationalists

Question 11

RUC

Answer 11

Royal Ulster Constabulary - Police of Ulster

Question 12

SDLP

Answer 12

◍ Social DEmocratic and Labour Party
◍ LEd by Gerry Fitt but then John Humme

Question 13

DUP

Answer 13

◍ Democratic Unionist PArty
◍ Ian Paisley [founder]
◍ Opposed leading unionist party in the north

Question 14

Unionist Groups

Answer 14

◍ Ulster Volunteer Force
◍ Ulster Defence Association

Question 15

IRA

Answer 15

◍ Split into Official iRA and Provisional IRA
◍ Launched bombing campains
◍ Death of civilians, RUC and British soldiers ‘‘Provos’’

Question 16

Internment

Answer 16

◍ Brought in Unionist Gov. of Brian Faulkner
◍ The arrest and imprisonment without trial
◍ 342 arrested
◍ Led to widespread rioting

Question 17

Bloody Sunday Jan 1972

Answer 17

◍ British Soldiers fired on anti-Internment march in Derry
◍ 14 ppl killed
◍ Widespread rioting

Question 18

Sunningdale Agreement

Answer 18

◍ Proposed power -sharing government with unionist and nationalists
◍ DUP and SDLP

Question 19

Hunger strikes

Answer 19

◍ IRA Prisoners in H-Blocks demanded political prisoner status
◍ Resisted by MArgret Thatcher
◍ 10 died
◍ RIse in Anti-British feeling

Question 20

long kesh

Answer 20

◍ H-BLocks held

Question 21

Anglo -Irish Agreement

Answer 21

◍ Gave Irish government a say in running NI
◍ Opposed by unionists
◍ Formed the basis for future progress towards peace

Question 22

Good Friday Agreement 1998

Answer 22

◍ To include all political parties
◍ NI part of UK unless decided by the people

Question 23

Consequences

Answer 23

◍ Death and destruction
◍ Political and economic consequences
◍ Impact on Anglo-Irish relations
◍ Impact on North-South relations

Question 24

Political consequences

Answer 24

◍ Unionists forced to share political power w. Nationalists
◍ Irish gov. had greater say in affairs in NI
◍ DUP replaced Unionist party as main unionist government
◍ SInn Fein replaced by SDLP as main nationalist party

Question 25

Economic Consequences

Answer 25

◍ Businesses destroyed by bombs ◍greater poverty in Northern Ireland ◍ Dependence on state welfare benifits ◍ Increased unemployment among young people

Question 26

North -South relations

Answer 26

◍ Nationalists moved South for Safety ◍ foundation of provisional IRA ◍ Bloody Sunday

Question 27

Anglo-Irish Relations

Answer 27

◍ IRish government wanted the British gov. to be involved in Northern IReland