The Troubles

Question 1

Short term causes

Answer 1

◍Discrimination->housing and jobs
◍ Education Act 1947 and Catholic leadership
◍ Civil rights

Question 2

Long term causes

Answer 2

◍ British conquest and colonisation
◍ Struggle for independence
◍ Separate communities
◍ Partition

Question 3

Partition

Answer 3

◍ Unionsts resisted Home Rule
◍ Government of ireland act. 1920 -> gave a sepaterate parliament to northern ireland
◍Unionists dominated this parliament
◍ Passed laws to maintain their control

Question 4

Gerrymandering

Answer 4

◍ Unionists rigged votes so they controlled councils in catholics areas
◍ Housing allocation
◍ Unions council favoured prodestatants houses
◍

Question 5

Education Act 1947

Answer 5

◍ Welfare State after ww2
◍ Free secondary estate
◍ Grants for university
◍ Middle class leadership -> John Hume and Austin
Currie

Question 6

Civil Rights

Answer 6

◍ Northern Ireland CIvil RIghts Association {NICRA}
◍ One man, one vote
◍ End to gerrymandering
◍ End to discrimination in housing and jobs

Question 7

Day the troubles began

Answer 7

◍ 5 October 1968 civil rights march attacked by RUC in Derry
◍ Police used battons and water cannons
◍ Prime minister-> O’NEILL forced to bring refers to the British government

Question 8

Battle of Bogside

Answer 8

◍ Protestant Apprentice Boys marched in Derry {12th}
◍ British troops brought in to protect nationalists

Question 9

Apprentice Boys

Answer 9

◍ Orange Order-> 12 th July

Question 10

RUC

Answer 10

◍Royal Ulster Constabulary {police}

Question 11

SDLP

Answer 11

◍Social Democratic and LAbour PArty

Question 12

DUP

Answer 12

◍ Ian Paisley
◍ Democratic UNionist Party

Question 13

Official IRA

Answer 13

◍ Moving away from violence

Question 14

Provisional IRA

Answer 14

◍ physical force
◍ bombing campaigns
◍ Bloody Sunday

Question 15

Unionists Groups

Answer 15

◍ Ulster Volunteer force
◍ Ulster Defence Association
◍ UVF

Question 16

Internment

Answer 16

◍ Broughin Unionist government of Brian Faulker
◍ Arrest and impresonment without trials
◍342 arrested
◍ Lead to widespread rioting

Question 17

Bloody Sunday 1972

Answer 17

◍ British soldiers fired on anti-internment march in Derry
◍14 killed

Question 18

Direct Rule from Britian

Answer 18

◍failure of unionist gov.
◍direct rule from Westminster
◍ Willian Whitlow forst secretary of state for Northern Ireland

Question 19

Attemps at peace

Answer 19

◍ Sunningdale Agreement 1973
◍ Anglo-Irish agreement 1985
◍Good friday

Question 20

Sunningdale agreement

Answer 20

◍pro-posed power sharing government
◍Unionist party and SdLP

Question 21

Hunger Strikes

Answer 21

◍ IRA prisoners in H-Blocks demanded political prisoner status
◍ Rise in anti-British Atmosphere

Question 22

Long kest

Answer 22

H-Blocks held

Question 23

Anglo-Irish Agreement 1985

Answer 23

◍ gave irish government a say in running Northern Ireland
◍ Opposed by unionists

Question 24

Peace moves after 1985

Answer 24

◍to include all political parties

Question 25

Consequences

Answer 25

◍ death and destruction
◍ Political and economic consequences
◍ Impact on North-South relations
◍ Impact on Anglo=Irish relations

Question 26

Political Consequences

Answer 26

◍ Unionists forced to share political power with nationalists
◍ Irish government had greater say in affairs of northern ireland
◍Sinn Fein replaced SDLP as main nationalist party

Question 27

Economic consequences

Answer 27

◍ Businesses destroyed by bombs
◍ Greater poverty in NOrthern IReland
◍Depedence on state welfare benifits
◍ Increased unemployment amoung young people

Question 28

North -South relations

Answer 28

◍Nationalists moved south for safety
◍foundation of provisional IRA
◍ bloody sunday

Question 29

Anglo-Irish Relations

Answer 29

◍Irish government wanted the british government to be involved i nnorthern ireland