The Tripartite view of knowledge (Epistemology)

Question 1

What is the tripartite view of knowledge?

Answer 1

Propositional knowledge is justified true belief : S knows P if and only if, p is true, s believes p and s is justified in believing P.

Question 2

Explain the smith and jones gettier case

Answer 2

Smith and Jones are waiting for a job interview. Smith gains a justified belief that Jones will get the job, perhaps because the president of the company assures him of that. Smith then sees that Jones has 10 coins in his pocket and so formulates the proposition “the person who will get the job has 10 coins in his pocket”. However, it then turns out that Smith gets the job and that smith happened to have 10 coins in his pocket. The proposition Smith formulated was true, he believed it and had justification for it. It seems he therefore had justified true belief and yet he only arrived at it due to the epistemic luck of happening to have 10 coins in his pocket.

Question 3

Explain the brown in barcelona gettier case

Answer 3

Smith has the justified belief ‘Jones owns a Ford (car)’ from which he justifiably, through disjunction introduction, concludes that “Jones owns a Ford, or Brown is in Barcelona.”
A disjunctive proposition in philosophy involves the logical operator “or”.
The whole sentence can be true if only one part is correct, but both have to be false if the whole sentence is false.
If, in fact, Jones does not own a Ford but due to luck Brown really is in Barcelona, then Smith had true justified belief. The whole proposition (“F or B”) is true, because B is true. However, we wouldn’t want to say it’s knowledge, because it was only true by luck.

Question 4

What is infallibilism?

Answer 4

JTB+Infallibilism.
Strengthens justification by only allowing justification that is absolutely undoubtable, there is no possibility for failure.
Smith’s justification for his belief was not infallible because the president could have been wrong, lying, or a hallucination.

Question 5

What is no false lemmas?

Answer 5

JTB + No false lemmas. (No false beliefs)
Propositional knowledge has to be justified true belief with no wrong reasoning or step in reasoning,
P is true
S believes p
S has justification for p
S has not inferred their belief in p from any false lemmas

Question 6

What is reliabilism?

Answer 6

RTB. Replaces justification with reliabilism. Propositional knowledge is true belief formed by a reliable process, such as speaking, seeing.

Question 7

What is virtue epistemology?

Answer 7

S knows P if and only if p is true S believes P and S believes P because of an exercise of intellectual virtue.