The three states of matter Flashcards
why might some substances have a higher melting point than others?
the forces of attraction between their particles are much stronger
why are solids extremely hard to compress?
- the particles in a solid are packed together in a regular pattern with no spaces between
- have a fixed shape and cannot flow from place to place because particles can only vibrate but can’t move place to place
why are liquids hard to compress?
-the particles are CLOSE together with NOT many SPACES between them
what makes liquids different to solids?
liquids can take the shape of their container and FLOW from place to places
why can liquid flow from place to place?
the particles in a liquid can move
which states of matter are hard to compress and which are easy?
solid - extremely hard to compress
liquid - hard to compress
gas - extremely easy to compress
why are gases extremely easy to compress?
the particles s in gases are widely spaced
Gases spread out and fill the space of their container because the particles in a gas move quickly and randomly
how do the particles in a gas move?
quickly and randomly
how can we change the state of a substance?
by putting in or taking out energy
how can we put in or take our energy from a substance?
solid -> liquid = MELTING
liquid -> solid = FREEZING
liquid -> gas = BOILING
gas -> liquid = CONDENSING
why do particles in a liquid have more kinetic energy than particles in a solid?
particles in a liquid can move
how do we convert a solid to a liquid?
we have to put energy in to breakdown the particles through melting
why is the energy needed in the change of a state of a substance?
the energy is needed to break down the forces of attraction between the particles in a solid
once energy had broken down the forces of attraction in a solid, what happens to the particles?
they can move around
if there is a stronger force attraction between the particles, how can we break down the forces of attraction?
more energy
higher melting point
the stronger the forces of attraction between the particles, the more energy we need to put into breaking them, and the higher the melting point
a substance is a solid with a very low melting point, why is the melting point low for this solid?
the forces of attraction between the particles are relatively weak
(fairly easy to break)
a solid with strong forces of attraction between its particles has a ____ melting point and a ____ boiling point
very high melting point
how do we convert a liquid to a gas?
when does this take place in the substance?
boiling
boiling point of the substance
why do some substances have a very high boiling point
a lot of energy is needed to break down the strong force of attraction between their particles
what do we call converting a gas back into a liquid?
condensing
when does condensing take place?
the same temperature as boiling(the boiling point)
