The Terror March 1793-July 1794 Flashcards
When did the Vendée Rebellion begin?
March 1793
How many troops had to be withdrawn from the front line to fight the Vendée rebels?
30,000
When was the Revolutionary Tribunal established?
10th March 1793
What was the role of the Revolutionary Tribunal?
To try and execute those suspected of being counter-revolutionaries
Why was Dumouriez’s defection in April 1793 significant?
- He was an imporatant general in the army
2. The Girondins had given him a lot of support, so they were now scapegoated for the War going badly
When was the CPS founded?
6th April 1793
What was the role of the CPS?
The CPS was a panel of individuals chosen by the Convention that ruled as a dictatorship, overseeing war and justice and being able to act faster to threats than the Convention.
What was a restraint on the CPS’ power?
The Convention had to vote to renew the CPS each month
When were the ‘representatives-on-mission’ established?
9th April 1793
What was the role of the ‘representatives-on-mission’?
To go out into to provinces and settle unrest with brutality, so as to make sure that conscription continued at a fast pace.
When were the Girondins purged from the Convention and by whom?
The sans-culottes stormed the Convention on 2nd June 1793 and several Girondins were arrested
When was the new Constitution proclaimed?
24th June 1793, though it was never implemented
When was Marat killed and what were the consequences?
13th July 1793
Charlotte Corday was a Girondin sympathiser so this was bad for the Girondins
Marat became a martyr and this fulled the killing of many more counter-revolutionaries
When did Robespierre join the CPS?
27th July 1793
When was ‘levée en masse’ introduced and what did this mean?
23rd August 1793
Each department had to give a set number of soldiers to go to the front
When was Toulon taken by the British and what were the consequences?
27th August 1793
It was a major defeat for the French as the enemy was now on French soil
What did the sans-culottes ask the Convention to do on 5th September 1793?
Declare Terror the order of the day
When was the General Maximum on prices introduced, who wanted it and what were the consequences?
29th September 1793
Roux and the sans-culottes
Meant that essential goods had to be sold at a specific price, but the price of grain was often under the cost of production, so peasants became poorer and poorer
When was the Republican calendar adopted and what did this mean?
5th October 1793
10 days a week
Wanted to get rid of the notion of ‘Sunday’ so Catholics could not hold Mass
When was the federalist revolt crushed in Lyon and what were the consequences?
9th October 1793
Rebels are brutally executed by cannons outside the city by ‘representatives-on-mission’
When was Marie Antoinette executed and why was this symbolic?
16th October 1793
She was the scapegoat of the Revolution and represented aristocratic power
When were the Girondins executed and what was the significance?
31st October 1793
Robespierre was purging the Convention of his political opponents
What was the Law of 14 Frimaire (4th December 1793)?
It established revolutionary government and centralised power around the CPS
When did Toulon fall to the Convention’s forces?
19th December 1793
