the teachers and the community Flashcards
are vital source of knowledge
and innovations, they are contributors to
economic development, they are the
agents of social and cultural
development, and they are the
warehouses of information.
School
it has its own system of governance influenced by fixed organizational structure
of bureaucracy.
School as an organization
head of the whole bureaucracy supported
by the Undersecretaries and
Assistant Secretaries.
DEpEd
The
Central Office is composed of
(1) Bureau of Curriculum Development
(2) Bureau of Learning Delivery,
(3) Bureau of
Learning Resources
(4) Bureau of Educational Assessment.
The Regional Offices are headed by
Regional Directors
The Division Office are
headed by the
Superintendent
The
District Office are headed
district supervisors
serves as the
chief administrative and academic officer of the school.
principal
its main function is to help learners
learn and develop knowledge, skill, and values essential for every
individual.
School as learning organization
it is composed of teachers, administrators,
students, staff, and other stakeholders united in one purpose and guided
by common values and cultures.
School as a community
a sense of direction of what the school hopes to
accomplish for itself, for the people, and for the society.
vision
provides a framework for organizational culture and
behaviour of the entire school
Values
provides administrative and management support for
the day-to-day activities and functions of the school.
leadership
pertains to shared values and behaviors of students,
teachers, staff and administration.
culture
as social systems, schools’ structure has characteristic of
rational, natural, and open systems. They have hierarchies of authority,
goals, and roles expectation similar to bureaucratic organization.
Structure
school culture is preserved and transferred to new
members by the socialization process (Kowalski, 2010). New teachers
learn shared values, beliefs, norms when they interact and build
relationships with their colleagues
culture and climate
social organizations like school are stemmed from
interaction among people both within and outside of the organization.
relationships
in social system of schools an
important aspect of leadership is the quality and systematic effects of
functions and behaviours of principal as leaders (Bozkus, 2014).
leadership and decision making
is a broad
term and every society
develops and evolve in a
unique way as influence by
various social factors and
events.
social change
what are the 6 megatrends
Digitalization’s and Technological Advances, Demographic and Behavioral Changes, Global talent and skill race, Business Operating Model Pressures, Regulatory Changes and Complexity, Changes in Investment, Capital sources and Returns
technological
advancements is impacting the finance industry as new challengers are
emerging and growing customer expectations drives significant IT
infrastructure investment.
Digitalization’s and Technological Advances
the changing demographics geographical and behavioral profile of customers is forcing financial
institution to deal with divergent customer expectation, and new customer
bases and work forces.
Demographic and Behavioral Changes
talent capable of navigating a rapidly
evolving financial landscape will be required to respond to increasing
regulatory pressures, a changing approach to risk management and the
immergence of new markets.
Global talent and skill race
regulation and the increasing
cause of capital is exerting pressure on business operating structures,
driving segmentation and disintermediation in the financial sector.
Business Operating Model Pressures
regulatory pressures arising from
the financial crisis have increase the cause of capital, prompted largescale divestment, reshaped attitudes towards risk, and redrawn the
boundary between retail and wholesale banking.
Regulatory Changes and Complexity
what are the 6 change forces
bureaucratic, personal, market, professional, cultural, and democratic
none- bank
financial institutions, fintech companies and new investors are bringing
fresh capital into the sector while bank meet capital requirements, manage
stress test and spend and compliance upgrades.
Changes in Investment, Capital sources and Returns
are rules, mandates, and other requirements intended
to provide direct supervision, standardized work process, or standardized
outcomes that are used to prescribed change.
Bureaucratic forces
are personalities, leadership styles, and interpersonal skills
of change agents that could push for changes to happen in school
personal forces
are competition, incentives, and individual choice that are
used to motivate change.
market forces
are standards of expertise, codes of conduct,
collegiality felt obligations, and other professional norms intended to build professional community to compel change
professional forces
are shared values, goals, and ideas about pedagogy,
relationships, and politics intended to build covenantal community that is
used to compel change
cultural forces
are democratic social contacts and shared
commitments to the common good intended to build a community that is
used to compel change.
democratic forces
Indicators of a Good School from Six Composite Perspectives
pupil, teacher, parent, management, support staff, board member
the primary
contributor of Scientific Management which originated in the beginning of the
20th century which was later adopted by industrial companies.
Frederick Winslow Taylor
four principles of
scientific management
Science, not rule of thumb, Scientific selection of the worker, Management and labor cooperation rather than conflict, Scientific training of the worker
develop a science of each element of man’s
work, which replaces the old rule-of-thumb
Science, not rule of thumb
scientifically select and then train,
teach and develop the workman, whereas in the past he chose his own
work and trained himself the best he could
Scientific selection of the worker
heartily
cooperate with the men so as to ensure all of the work being done is in
accordance with the principles of science which has been developed
Management and labor cooperation rather than conflict
workers should be trained by experts
using scientific method
Scientific training of the worker
also developer of the Administrative Theory
Henri Fayol
tasks is divided among employees according to their
field of expertise or field of specialization.
Division of Work
the management has the authority to give
orders to subordinates that comes with corresponding responsibility
Authority and Responsibility
is about the core values anchored on the vision and mission of
an organization to form of good conduct which essential to the successful
operation of the organization
Discipline
all orders received must come from one manager
only otherwise it will cause confusion to employees
Unity of Command
this ensures that all actions are property coordinated
and requires employees to perform and carry out activities as one team
leading to the same objectives using one plan
Unity of Direction
is about prioritization of
organization’s interest over personal interest which applies to all members
of the organization,
Subordinate of individual Interest
is about rewards and compensations to efforts that have
been made which could be in a form of monetary or non-monetary that
keeps employees motivated and productive.
Remuneration
this implies the concentration of decisionmaking authority at the top management.
The Degree of Centralization
is about the hierarchical structure that is always present at
any type organization. There should be a clear line of in the area of
authority from the top management down to the lowest level.
Scalar Chain
this pertains to the order and safety of employees in order to function properly at work
Order
this implies equal treatment among members of the organization
Equity
this is about the proper deployment and
management of personnel by providing employees the opportunity to be
considered for tenured position based on their performance.
Stability of Tenure of Personnel
this allows employees to express ideas that will help benefit
the company
Initiative
this promotes unity among employees, develops morale
in the workplace, and creates atmosphere of mutual trust and
understanding.
Esprit de Corps
three types of power that
can be found in an organization based on Weber’s Bureaucratic model
Traditional authority, Legal, rule-oriented authority, Charismatic authority
the bureaucratic type of authority, based
on normative rules for career, hierarchy etc
Legal, rule-oriented authority
based on historically created legitimacy where
authority is “hereditary and based on dependent subordinates
Traditional authority
the personal authority, based on a type of
‘seduction and hence, the devotion of supporters.
Charismatic authority
sometimes called the division of labor wherein
individual tasks are div into separate jobs which allows to manage tasks
easily. In a school setting, each department has different functions and each member has different filed of expertise
Task specialization
Managers are organized into hierarchical
layers, where each layer of management is responsible for its staff and
overall performance.
Hierarchical of authority
All employees are selected on the basis of technical
skills and competences, which have been acquired through training,
education and experience and are paid accordingly.
Formal selection
Regulations and clear requirements create distant and
impersonal relationships between employees, with the additional
advantage of preventing nepotism or involvement from outsiders or
politics.
Impersonal
Formal rules and requirements are required
ensure uniformity, so that employees know exactly what is expected of
them.
Rules and requirements
Employees of a bureaucratic organization are
selected on the basis of theirexpertise. This helps in the deployment of the
right people in the right positionsand thereby optimally utilizing human
capital
Career orientation
this may include instructional
leadership and administrative functions
Grade Level/Subject Coordinator
serves as liaison officer between
administration and colleagues
Department Chair Coordinator
leads teachers to follow
curriculum standards and develop appropriate assessment
Curriculum and Assessment Specialist
serves as mentor for co-teachers
Mentor Coach
facilitates professional development
Facilitator
The primary role of a School Principal is to promote learning and make
students successful in their academic endeavors. It requires instructional
leadership that is critical to the success and effectiveness of the curriculum and
instruction.
Instructional Leadership
type of leaders who inspire their followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes by
inspiring them and, in the process, develop their own capacity (Bass & Riggio,
2006).
Transformational leadership
considered as a
shared effort by more than one person. “It
serves interests of systemic thrivability by
promoting patterns of joint optimization of
shared visions, values, and individuals among
groups rather than the maximization of any
subset of particular individual interest”
(Chatwani, 2018).”
Distributed leadership
Republic Act No. 9155 otherwise known as the
“Governance of Basic Education Act,”
in 2012, RA No. 10533 otherwise known as the
“Enhanced Basic
Education Act”
refers to the 10-month program provided to
children who are at least five years old in regular elementary schools using
thematic and integrative curriculum to ensure the development of foundational
skills among children to prepare them for grade 1 (DepEd 2012).
General kindergarten program
Republic Act No. 10517 otherwise known as the
“Kindergarten
Education Act,”
is seen as an important medium of instruction by using a
local language understood by the learners.
Mother tongue
