ethics Flashcards
can be provisionally
described as the empirical study of moral decisions.
It is a discipline concerned with what is morally good
and evil, right and wrong.
Ethics or moral philosophy
derived from the Greek word “ethos” which may
mean
tradition, habit, character, or attitude.
which concerns human
behavior in general, is to address our questions
about the essence of human behavior.
Normative ethics
2 Fields of Normative Ethics
Moral philosophy, applied ethics
deals with moral
ideas such as what human beings
“must do or how human beings
should be.”
Moral philosophy
is a philosophy that
discusses strong and basic moral
issues linked to abortion.
Applied ethics
refer to the guidelines we
have on the types of acts that we find to be morally
permissible and morally unacceptable
Moral standards
is a discipline that relies on meaning.
It is a science that is seeking to address non-moral
questions about morality
Meta-ethics
on the contrary,
apply to laws which are not related to social or legal
considerations.
Non-moral standards
is a Decorum propriety means
reverence for the formal criteria governing conduct
in a civilized society.
Etiquette
are the basis of the capacity of an
individual to distinguish between right and wrong.
Values
refers to a situation that
causes an organization to respond
negatively or positively to an ethical issue
that affects staff, shareholders, and society,
as well as corporate ethics and customers.
organizational
ethical dilemma
pertains to a
situation where individuals confront with a
number of factors such as peer pressure,
personal financial position, an economic and
social status which may influence all
individual ethical standards.
individual
ethical or moral dilemma
is part of every individual’s life. It is
just a query as to whether an individual remains
aware of doing what is good and what is right.
Socialization
selecting a proper system of responsibilities
and relationships, which is a continuing
universal challenge.
structural moral dilemma
The
conflict between the distribution of jobs and the
organization of numerous activities generates a
classic dilemma.
Differentiation vs. Integration
When the main tasks are not
explicitly defined, the critical job will slip through
gaps.
Gap vs Overlap
When
employees are not clear about what they are
expected to do, they often adapt their tasks to
personal interests instead of system-wide goals that
often lead to problems.
Lack of Clarity vs. Lack of Creativity
Interdependence When individuals or groups are too
independent, they are always isolated.
Excessive Autonomy vs. Excessive
Good will is
unique as it is always good and retains its
moral values even though it fails to
achieve its moral intentions.
GOOD WILL AND DUTY
Kant believes that perfect duty is more
important than an imperfect duty: when a
conflict of duty arises, perfect duty must
be carried out
PERFECT AND IMPERFECT DUTIES
command
unconditionally. Irrespective of our
wishes or desires, a categorical
imperative binds us as everyone has a
responsibility not to lie, regarless of
conditions and even though it is in our
interest to do so.
Categorical imperative
When anyone
acts, it’s a maxim, or a principle.
UNIVERSALIZABILITY
The
second interpretation of Kant’s
Categorical Imperative is to view life as
an end in itself: “Act in such a way that
you treat humanity, whether in your own
person or in the person of another,
always at the same time as an end and
never simply as a means.”(Immanuel
Kant, Groundwork fo the Metaphysics of
Morals)
HUMANITY AS AN END IN ITSELF
