The surgical client, end of life and grief, leadership and professionalism

Question 1

what is the role for the preoperative nurse

Answer 1

to make sure there is an informed consent, go over the complete knowledge of the client such as age, name, medical records, date, time, diagnosis, and chief complaint,
also in charge of preoperative education,

Question 2

how does preoperative education affect the client

Answer 2

permits the client to have a better understanding of the surgery, feel empowered, experience less pain, and be less anxious, education is also directed to decreasing the hospital stay and recovery period

Question 3

what is the role for the intraoperative nurse

Answer 3

coordinates the care of the client before, during, and after the surgical procedure, responsible for verifying consent form, provides emotional support and assists the anesthesiologist as needed, responsible for client safety, positioning, and monitoring as well as enforcing policies and procedures during surgery, including the time out, with the scrub tech confirms and counts equipment used,

Question 4

role of the post op nurse

Answer 4

assess the patient for any complications, goal is to ensure proper healing and rule out any complications, a head to toe assessment of the body systems, pain management, vital signs, LOC

Question 5

prior to surgery what must the client do

Answer 5

shower and prepare the skin with the use of an antiseptic wash to minimize the number of microbes present on the skin

Question 6

once client is in surgical field how do you prep the surgical site

Answer 6

if needed hair will be removed, cleanse the surgical site with an antiseptic solution, preparation begins with scrubbing the surgical site in a circular motion, starting at the center and moving outward to the area away from the site, at the outer edge the sponge is considered contaminated and must be disgarded,

Question 7

when does the circulating nurse initiate the time out for the team

Answer 7

after skin preparation is performed

Question 8

what is a minor degree of urgency

Answer 8

surgical alteration to body is minimal, low risk of life

Question 9

what is major degree of urgency

Answer 9

reconstruction of alteration of a body part, complicated and prolonged procedure

Question 10

what is elective degree of urgency

Answer 10

preformed to improve their quality of life

Question 11

what is urgent degree of urgency

Answer 11

preformed when the client’s health condition is not immediately life threatening, but if not preformed, can result in death or serious complications, performed within 24 hours

Question 12

what is emergent degree of urgency

Answer 12

procedure that is unanticipated and is preformed immediately to reserve life of the client

Question 13

how does age affect risk for surgery

Answer 13

older people tend to have more post op delirium and increased time for wound healing

Question 14

what kind of medication can affect risk for surgery

Answer 14

aspirin

Question 15

how does health affect risk for surgery

Answer 15

obese means more problems because could have DM, heart disease, GERD, and sleep apnea,
smokers could have more time for healing and getting infections

Question 16

what is the biggest thing to monitor with anesthesia

Answer 16

vital signs, especially heart rate and respiratory rate

Question 17

what is local anesthesia

Answer 17

prevents conduction or pain impulses by affecting both the motor and sensory nerves at a surgical site

Question 18

what is regional anesthesia

Answer 18

causes a temporary loss of feeling in an area of the body

Question 19

what is general anesthesia

Answer 19

use of drug and/or inhalant to depress the CNS

Question 20

what is moderate or conscious sedation

Answer 20

allows client to remain relaxed and calm so they can follow commands without pain or anxiety

Question 21

when is the time out completed

Answer 21

at the beginning of the procedure , before starting an additional procedure, and at the end of the procedure

Question 22

what is a time out

Answer 22

when all members of the surgical team must verify and agree that it is right client, right surgical site, right procedure

Question 23

what are the different parts of the preop assessment/checklist

Answer 23

name of client and medical record, a complete client history, informed consent, client teaching is complete, verify allergies , advise to stop smoking before surgery especially chest or abdominal surgery, pregnancy test,

Question 24

post op interventions to prevent complications

Answer 24

main concern is airway and resp rate and head to toe assessment , and position the client correctly

Question 25

potential post op complications

Answer 25

infection, confusion, dvt, allergic reactions, bleeding, eviscerations, and falls

Question 26

what is the importance of maintaining a sterile field

Answer 26

to prevent infection and contamination

Question 27

what are the 5 stages of grief, describe them

Answer 27

denial = client refuses to believe truth
anger = client is trying to adjust to the loss and is severe emotional distress
bargaining = an exchange for something better, usually with a higher power
depression = reality sets in
acceptance = still feels loss but knows its all going to be all right

Question 28

different types of grief

Answer 28

normal also known as uncomplicated grief = caused by the loss of someone, through death or ending of a relationship
anticipatory = grief that is experienced before the expected loss of someone
prolonged grief disorder = also known as complicated grief, lasts more than 6 months, and can affect how the person functions
disenfranchised = grief related to a relationship that does not coincide with what is considered by society to be a recognized or justified loss

Question 29

what are the 5 ways nursing care and communication for the dying client

Answer 29

name ; id what the client just stated or emotion expressed
understand ; demonstrate understanding by recognizing the client’s feelings and providing an opportunity to discuss
respect; voice your respect
support; inform you are available
explore; ask open ended questions to extend convo

Question 30

what is post mortem care

Answer 30

physical care preformed after death to prepare a body for viewing, autopsy, or release

Question 31

what are the steps for post mortem care

Answer 31

washing the body, accounting for the client’s possessions, removing invasive devices, place id tags on two areas, document date and time the name of anyone notified, location of belongings, and where body is being moved

Question 32

what is the difference between hospice and palliative care

Answer 32

palliative care is provided while the client is still engaging in curative treatment methods

Question 33

what is an advanced directive and what is it purpose

Answer 33

it is a legal document that directs end of life issues
living will = a directive document for medical treatment per client’s wishes
health care proxy = a durable power of attorney that appoints someone to make medical decisions when client are no longer able

Question 34

what is the nurses role in organ donation

Answer 34

a nurse is not allowed to begin a dialogue about organ or tissue donation with the client or family member
the nurses role is to assist families who are dealing with this challenging decision

Question 35

what is the difference between professionalism and unprofessionalism

Answer 35

professionalism is the actions, beliefs, attitudes, that reflect the core values of the profession. It is a commitment to to self and the profession to practice with integrity and honesty
unprofessionalism is the oppostite

Question 36

different stages from novice to expert

Answer 36

novice = beginner with little or no experience
advanced beginner = demonstrates basic skills but continues to need the support or guidance of a mentor
competent = individual can plan, make decisions, and preform job responsibilities and edfficiencies
proficient = demonstrates advanced decision making skills
expert = role model has deep knowledge and teaches others

Question 37

differences between transactional , transformational, laissez faire, bureaucratic , and situational leaders

Answer 37

transactional = establish standards, highlight obligations, use reward or punishment
transformational = establish a common mission and vision, encourage to heighten their level of performance, challange the best in people
laissez faire = hands off leaders, work independently, little control
bureaucratic = by the book leader, pays great attention to detail, follows procedures
situational = move from one leader style to another based off situation,

Question 38

what is shared governance and its importance

Answer 38

its a shard decision structure that gives nurses control over their own practice
promotes collaboration, autonomy, professional development, accon

Question 39

what is shared governance and its importance

Answer 39

its a shard decision structure that gives nurses control over their own practice
promotes collaboration, autonomy, professional development, accountability, and empowerment of nurses