The Subjunctive Flashcards
How to form the subjunctive in the regular present tense?
•Regular verbs: for most verbs, you should take the yo form of the indicative
present tense as your stem, and then use the opposite endings (er for ar verbs, ar
for er/ir)
How to form the subjunctive with stem changing verbs?
Stem Changing: (o-ue,e-I,e-ie) also change in the subjunctive and are stem changing except for in the we and you pl form.
How to form the subjunctive with gar/car verbs?
Verbs that end in –car In their infinitive add a –u in in their subjunctive form, to maintain the hard
‘g’ sound
• Verbs that end in –car in their infinitiive add a –qu in their subjunctive form, to maintian the hard ‘c’ sound
How to form the subjunctive with zar verbs?
Verbs that end in –zar in their infinitive change the ‘z’ to a ‘c’ to make pronounciation more
consistent
How to form the subjunctive if the verb is irregular in the first person present tense?
In general, if a verb is irregular in the first person present tense, you should use the first person form as your stem for the subjunctive tense
How to form Ser in the subjunctive?
Sea
Seas
Sea
Seamos
Seáis
Sean
How to form Estar in the subjunctive?
Esté
Estés
Esté
Estemos
Estéis
Estén
How to form Ir in the subjunctive ?
Vaya
Vayas
Vaya
Vayamos
Vayáis
Vayan
How to form Saber in the subjunctive?
Sepa
Sepas
Sepa
Sepamos
Sepáis
Sepan
How to form Haber in the subjunctive?
Haya
Hayas
Haya
Hayamos
Hayáis
Hayan
How to form Dar in the subjunctive?
Dé
Des
Dé
Demos
Déis
Den
To hope
Esperar
To want
Querer
To desire
Desear
To be happy that
Estar contento de que
To ask for
Pedir
To demand
Exigir
To pray
Rogar
To beg
Suplicar
To insist on
Insistir en
To hope (god willing)
Ojalá
I hope she goes home soon
Espero que vaya a casa pronto
He wants her to play the piano
Quiere que ella toque el piano
The teacher prefers that I speak slowly
La profesora prefiere que yo hable despacio
He asks his neighbours not to have parties
Pide a sus vecinos que no hagan fiestas
My dad insists that I do my homework
Mi padre insiste en que haga mis deberes
I’m happy that you’re coming to the party
Estoy contento de que vengas a la fiesta
Verbs that indicate disbelief/doubt
Trigger the subjunctive
To not believe that
No creer que
To not think that
No pensar que
To not be convinced that
No estar convencido de que
To not be sure that
No estar seguro de que
To not imagine that
No imaginarse de
To not appear that
No parecer que
To fear that
Temer que
To deny that
Negar que
To doubt that
Dudar que
To not suppose that
No suponer que
Is the subjunctive triggered with verbs like pensar, creer and suponer are positive?
No, only when negative
Impersonal expressions
Subjunctive Yes
“It’s ____that_____”
It’s advisable that
Conviene que
It’s fundamental that
Es fundamental que
Its better that
Es mejor que
It’s fair that
Es justo que
It’s a disgrace that
Es un escándalo que
It’s a pity that
Es una pena que
It may be that
Puede ser que
It’s a shame that
Es una vergüenza que
Referring to something that hasn’t happened yet
Triggers the subjunctive, as it might not happen
Until
Hasta que
As soon as
Tan pronto como
Meanwhile
Mientras
Before
Antes de que
After
Después de que
We will eat when they arrive
Comeremos cuando lleguen
We won’t eat until they arrive
No comeremos hasta que lleguen
You are doing something in order for something to happen
Triggers Subjunctive
So that
Para que
Despite the fact that
A pesar de que
In case
En caso de que
Provided that
Con tal de que
On condition that
A condición de que
How to form dormir in the subjunctive?
Duerma
Duermas
Duerma
Duramos
Duráis
Duerman
How to form pedir in the subjunctive?
Pida
Pidas
Pida
Pidamos
Pidáis
Pidan
