The Study of Life (week one)

Question 1

What are the parts of scientific method?

Answer 1

Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment, Conclusion

Question 2

Why is randomization important?

Answer 2

to decrease confounding variables

Question 3

what is deductive reasoning?

Answer 3

general to specific observations

Question 4

what is inductive reasoning?

Answer 4

specific to general observations

Question 5

example of deductive reasoning

Answer 5

you like all the bio classes you have taken before, so you are sure you will like this one

Question 6

example of inductive reasoning

Answer 6

you liked taking molecular biology, so you are sure you will enjoy all the future bio classes you take

Question 7

what are the 7 properties of life

Answer 7

metabolism, cellular, reproduction, growth/development, responding to stimuli, homeostasis, evolve

Question 8

what does it mean for biology to be integrative?

Answer 8

everything depends on each other

Question 9

what are organisms made up of?

Answer 9

elements combined into compounds

Question 10

what makes up elements?

Answer 10

protons, neutrons, electrons

Question 11

where are protons (+) and neutrons (o) located

Answer 11

nucleus

Question 12

where are electrons (-) located?

Answer 12

orbitals

Question 13

how many electrons can fit into each shell

Answer 13

1st shell - 2
2nd shell - 8
3rd shell - 8

Question 14

the atomic number and the electrons are the same. T or F

Answer 14

T

Question 15

neutrons+protons are the:

Answer 15

atomic mass

Question 16

how do you find the number of neutrons?

Answer 16

Subtract atomic mass from proton #

Question 17

what are isotopes?

Answer 17

the number of protons are the same, but the number of neutrons differ

Question 18

Changing the proton # changes the:

Answer 18

element

Question 19

proton number is:

Answer 19

fixed

Question 20

changing the electron # makes:

Answer 20

ions

Question 21

gain of electrons:

Answer 21

anion (-)

Question 22

loss of electrons:

Answer 22

cations (+)

Question 23

what are ions?

Answer 23

elements with the same atomic mass and number, but differ in their charge

Question 24

what are electrolytes?

Answer 24

ions necessary for nerve impulse conduction, muscle contractions, and water balance

Question 25

why do people drink gatorade after exercising?

Answer 25

sports drinks replace ions lost from body via sweating

Question 26

when are atoms most stable?

Answer 26

when their outer electron (valence) shells are full

Question 27

stable/noble gases have full outer shells. T or F

Answer 27

T

Question 28

Covalent Bonds

Answer 28

share electrons to fill their valence shell

Question 29

what are polar covalent bonds?

Answer 29

electrons aren’t shared equally due to O being more electronegative than H

Question 30

what are non polar covalent bonds?

Answer 30

electrons shared equally due to similar electronegativity values

Question 31

what is electronegativity?

Answer 31

the pull that a nucleus has on its electrons

Question 32

covalent bonds are between:

Answer 32

non-metals

Question 33

ionic bonds are between:

Answer 33

non-metals and metals

Question 34

compounds with a very strong attraction can:

Answer 34

steal an electron from an atom with a very weak attraction

Question 35

compounds with a very strong attraction are called:

Answer 35

ionic compounds/salts

Question 36

polar molecules are:

Answer 36

soluble/hydrophilic

Question 37

non-polar molecules are:

Answer 37

insoluble/hydrophobic

Question 38

why is water so important?

Answer 38

it acts as both an acid and base (acids donate a proton, base accepts a proton)