The Stuarts Flashcards
When did James I become king?
24th of march 1603
James the I of England and ? of Scotland
James VI of Scotland and I of England
Why is James I and VI important?
He created the UK and commissioned what would become known as the King James Bible
Why did the English civil war start?
The English Civil Wars (1642-1651) stemmed from conflict between Charles I and Parliament over an Irish insurrection. The principal causes of the English Civil Wars may be summarised as:
Charles I’s unshakeable belief in the divine right of kings to rule
Parliament’s desire to curb the powers of the king
Charles I’s need for money to fund his court and wars
Religious differences between the monarch, Parliament, Scottish Covenanters, and Irish Catholics
How long did the civil war last?
Between 1642 and 1652 (10 years)
What happened to Charles I after the war?
he was beheaded
when was the gunpowder plot?
November 5th 1605 at the house of lords.
Who was behind the gunpowder plot?
Guy Fawkes, Robert Catesby, Thomas Percy, Robert and Thomas Wintour and Robert Cecil.
What was their plan?
To put 34 barrels of gunpowder under the house of lords, all it takes is a match.
What was their aim?
To kill the King James
Who was a Royalist in the English civil war?
A royalist was a person who fought for Charles 1st side.
Who was a Parliamentarian in the English civil war?
A parliamentarian was a person who fought for Parliament.
Why were the roundheads called the roundheads?
Because of their shaven head.
What is the divine right of kings?
The belief that kings could do as wished because they were appointed by God.
What is the difference between an ordinary war and a civil war?
A civil war is the same people fighting each other in the same country whereas a normal war is different people/ countries fighting each other.
What would a Royalist believe in the civil war?
The king is chosen by God- he has a right to rule as he wants. Parliament’s job is to follow the King’s commandments. The king can charge taxes to help his country prosper.
What would a Parliamentarian believe in the civil war?
No king of England should marry a foreign Catholic.
One man cannot govern a entire nation. This ship tax is unfair and Illegal. The King is there to serve his country not the other way round.
Was Oliver Cromwell a hero?
He was a hero because he allowed Jews to come back. He was respected and promoted people on their abilities. He was feared and respected by the Spanish and French which made England a safer place. He ended the war in the Netherlands.
With Cromwell we have the beginning of Democracy.
The Poet John Milton admired Cromwell and called him our Chief of Men.
Was Oliver Cromwell a Villian?
He got rid of fun stuff that the people used to do, like Christmas. The Theatre, where performances showing adultery were banned. He never allowed people to vote. He sent slaves away, and he also charged to many taxes.
The restoration, King Charles the 2nd.
A bad King, one of the worst we have ever had. The restoration of the monarchy in England in 1660. It marked the return of Charles the 2nd as King (1660- 85) following the period of Oliver Cromwell’s commonwealth. The bishops were restored to parliament which established a strict Anglican orthodoxy (which would not tolerate the Puritans). All of the fun stuff came back. He had eleven illegitimate children.
