The Structure And Function Of Neurons Flashcards
What are neurons?
And another cell that receives and transmits impulses to and from other cells through electrical and chemical signals
What are the six parts of a neuron?
Cell body, nucleus, dendrites, axon, myelin sheath, and axon terminal
What is the function of a cell body?
It contains the nucleus of the cell, which is the cell life support centre
What is the function of the nucleus?
To store all genetic material of the cell
What is the function of dendrites?
To receive signals from the other neurons or sensory receptor cells
What is the function of the axon?
It is a long scent of fire that carries nerve impulses in the form of an electrical signal known as action potential – travels to the synapse
What is the function of the myelin sheath?
Covers the axon of the neuron to speed up neural impulses
What is the function of the axon terminal?
To form junctions with other cells
What are neural impulses?
Electrical signals that travel down the axon known as action potential
What is an effector?
A muscle at the end of a motor neuron which is also activated by the motor neuron
What are the three types of neurons?
Sensory, relay and motor
What is the function of a sensory neuron?
To transmit nerve impulses from sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord
Where are sensoring neurons found?
In receptor cells (sensory)
What do sensory impulses do?
Translate into sensations
Why do some neurons not reach the brain?
They need to be translated into quick reflexes
What is the function of relay neurons?
They connect sensory and motor neurons
Where are relay neurons found?
Brain and spinal cord
What part of a neuron does a relay neuron not have?
Myelin sheath
What is the function of a motor neuron?
To carry impulses from the CNS to other areas of the body and control muscle muscles
Where are motor neurons found?
In the CNS
What happens when molten neurons are stimulated?
They release neurotransmitters
What are unipolar neurons?
Neurons that only transmit impulses
What are multi neurons?
Neurons that send and receive impulses
Which are the unipolar neurons?
Sensory neurons
What are the multiple neurons?
Motor and relay neurons
