The State Of Relations Between Crown And Parliamenmt By 1629

Question 1

What was the state of relation between the crown and parliament by 1629?

Answer 1

• the petition of right failed to address two fundamental points of disagreement between Charles and parliament :
  1) it did not explicitly mention custom duty, impositions, or tonnage and poundage -as a result, Charles claimed he had not surrendered his rights to collect these
  2) Charles’ open favour to anti-calvinists - in summer of 1628, Richard montagu and William laud were appointed as bishops which indicated Charles’ continued support for Arminianism
• Charles failing to respond to the petition of right in a legal way further amplified tensions- MPs worried they could not trust him

Question 2

What were the 1629 three resolutions?

Answer 2

• radical MPs denzil holles and Benjamin valentine held the speaker in the House of Commons down in his chair until three resolutions were passed condemning the king’s conduct
• the three resolutions expressed opposition to Arminianism and the collection of tonnage and poundage without parliamentary approval
• Charles’ response to the three resolutions was to dissolve parliament two days later
• Charles then had his leading critics ; holles, John Eliot and valentine arrested for treason

Question 3

What was the extent of the breakdown between crown and parliament by 1629?

Answer 3

• after the 1629 parliament was dissolved, Charles governed without calling parliament for 11 years
• reasons for a strained relationship :
  1) - Buckingham: associated with the failure of multiple foreign policy + Charles increasingly opposed his impeachment and would only dismiss and arrest MPs who doubted Buckingham
  2)- Foreign policy: war with Spain and France angered parliament because it caused a further financial strain
  3) Religion: Charles’ support of laud and montagu made it seem as though he was becoming increasingly anti Calvinist 4) ideology : clash between parliamentary privilege and royal prerogative