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Social Studies 8 > The Spanish > Flashcards

The Spanish Flashcards

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1
Q

Geography controls everything

A

Italy is in the middle of the Mediterranean and towards the east

Trade relationships go between Italy and the far east

Very important in the age of exploration

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2
Q

Al Andalus

A

Beginning of the middle ages almost everyone in Spain was christian

In 711 muslims crosssed the Strait of Gibraltar and landed in Spain

Many were converted to islam

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3
Q

Caliphate

A

An area controlled by n islamic ruler (Caliph)

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4
Q

What would muslim rulers support?

A

Arts

Music

Architecture

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5
Q

Learning in islamic Spain

A

Greatly valued to understand the universe and aid living an ethical life

Greatly admired ancient Greeks for their reasoning skills

Cordoba, Seville, Granada were centres of learning

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6
Q

Reconquista

A

Means reconquer

The christian reconquest of Spain from the muslims for 780 years (711 to 1492)

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7
Q

Spanish war tactics

A

Grouped large number of soldiers using the same weapons in tight formations

Spanish infantry became the deadliest in Europe

They took this very effective style of fighting to the Americas

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8
Q

Creating Christian Spain

A

Many christian forces in Europe helped Spain

By 1269 only Granada was in muslim control

In 1492 Granada was captured Spain was fully christian controlled

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9
Q

Catholic monarchs

A

The pope gave Queen Isabella and king Ferdinand special titles

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10
Q

The Spanish Inquisition

A

A state run system of courts in Spain where non catholics were put on trial

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11
Q

How did Spain deal with the non catholics after the Reconquista?

A

They had 2 choices

Convert to catholicism or be exiled from the country

Some muslims and jews left some pretended to convert

They lived in constant feat that they would be caught and punished

150 000 people were charged and 3000 were executed

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12
Q

Expulsion of the Jews

A

Also known as the Alhambra decree

Had the option to be baptized or exiled

100 00 to 250 000 Jews left Spain

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13
Q

What was the the effects of the expulsion of Jews?

A

Both the Jews and muslims had formed the large part of the educated middle class

Because of this Spain struggled economically at the end of the 1400’s

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14
Q

What was good and silver used for?

A

Buying natural resources they lacked

Paying for wars (feed soldiers, train new recruits, etc.)

Buying ships to conquer other nations

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15
Q

Why did Spain use up all their gold and silver?

A

In 1492 they were in a tough situation

The reconquista had left Spain without the precious metals they needed

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16
Q

Christopher Columbus

A

Spain hoped he would bring back gold and silver for the Spanish economy

He only brought back a small amount of gold

He still convinced the Catholic Monarchs that there was more to find

Spain’s desire for greater wealth motivated their conquest of many areas in North and South America

17
Q

How did nobles make money?

A

Paid for fighting for their king (war)

Gave the king portions of their crops that the peasants who farmed the land produced (land)

18
Q

Hidalgos

A

The sons of the poor nobles

19
Q

What happened to the Hidalgos after the Reconquista?

A

There was a shortage of farmland in Spain

Because of their social class they thought it would be shameful to work in shops or farms

They became involved in trade buisness or commerce

Go to the Americas to find their fortunes

20
Q

Why did Spain want to conquer other lands?

A

Gold: money

God: spreading christianity

Glory: wanted respect in society

Code of Chivalry: medieval knightly system

21
Q

The code of chivalry

A

Spanish greatly valued service in the military

Stories of chivalry was popular to share with children’

Stories inspired the young to go to the battlefield

The best chance to be a hero was to go to the Americas

This made many people volunteer to go to the New World

22
Q

How did the knights demonstrate chivalry in their stories?

A

Achieving military victories

Being loyal and brave

Being fair and honest

Having excellent manners

Being devout christian’s

Protecting the weak

Social Studies 8 (9 decks)

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