the skin and temperature Flashcards
what is the integumentary system
skin/nails/hair
what is the biggest organ in the body
the skin
what is the technical name for the skin
the cutaneous membrane
what are the accessory structure to the cutaneous membrane
hair
nails
sweat and oil glands
what are the 2 main layers of the skin
epidermis
dermis
what is below the dermis called?
what kind of cells are they?
what is the layer called?
- hypodermis
- adipocyte cells
- subcutaneous layer
epidermis;
- what is its structure
thinnest layer of skin
outer layer of skin
non-vascularised (no capillaries)
dermis;
- what is its structure
tough, strong and fibrous connective tissue to help maintain structure
it is also vascularised - a good blood supply lots of veins/arteries/capillaries
what structures does the dermis contain
- blood supply (veins & arteries)
- nerves
- hair follicles
- sweat glands
- sebaceous gland
differences between the epidermis and dermis
epidermis is non-vascularised but the dermis is vascularised
epidermis is thin but the dermis is tough, fibrous and strong
the dermis have nerves within it what does this mean
it is where you can feel sensations such as heat/touch/pain/pressure
what does the dermis contain to maintain structure
fibrous connective tissue and collagen
what type of tissue is the hypodermis
subcutaneous tissue - not technically skin
what is the hypodermis role
protection structure stores adipose tissue (fat) provides insulation calories reservoir
what are the 5 layers of the epidermis skin tissues
- stratum corneum
- stratum lucidum
- stratum granulosum
- stratum spinosum
- stratum basale
explain the stratum basale
- deepest layer next to the dermis
- mitosis creates new daughter epidermal cells
- new cells are pushed upwards towards the stratum spinosum
explain the stratum spinosum
- tightly compacted and connected - adjacent to reduce tension
- cells become flattened as they get pushed upwards - change from their rounded shape
- cells start to die as they get pushed towards stratum granulosum
explain the stratum granulosum
- contain granules
- release lipids (fats)
- make skin waterproof
explain the stratum lucidum
- contain large amounts of keratin (fibrous fibres)
- only pressent in hairless ares ie palm of hand or soles of feet
explain the stratum lucidum
- contain large amounts of keratin (fibrous fibers)
- only present in hairless ares ie palm of hand or soles of feet
what are the functions of the skin
- protection
- control body temperature
- metabloic function
- cutaneous sensation (ie warmth or cold)
- blood resivour
- excretion of substances
- sensations (sensoru neurons)
- preventative
what are the functions of the skin
- protection
- control body temperature
- metabolic function
- cutaneous sensation (ie warmth or cold)
- blood resivoir
- excretion of substances
- sensations (sensory neurons)
- preventative
a baby born after 38weeks -
1. how thick is their dermis
2. when will their sweat glands mature
3.
- 2-4mm thick
2. after 1 week
what is the brown adipose tissue
it is a thick later of brown fat used for energy and insulation in newborn babies
- they use it for extra energy if they have used up their glucose and glycogen stored energy
- it also insulates the as babies cant shiver so the fat insulates them