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Gross-exam 2 > The Shoulder Region > Flashcards

The Shoulder Region Flashcards

1
Q

Axilla borders

A
  • pec. Minor and major form anterior axillary wall
  • subscapularis,Lats, teres major form posterior axillary wall
  • lateral thoracic wall and serratus anterior form the medial wall
  • humerus of the arm forms lateral wall
  • axillary fascia and skin from the lateral thoracic wall and the upper arm make up the floor
  • the roof
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2
Q

What makes up the apex

A

Formed by the cervicoaxillary canal.

Narrow space between the clavicle and the first rib

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3
Q

Contents of the axillary

A
  • axilla artery and its branches
  • axillary vein and its tributaries
  • axillary lymph node and vessels
  • cords and terminal nerves of brachial plexus
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4
Q

What is the glenohumeral joint

A
  • ball and socket synovial joint
  • between the shallow glenioid cavity and the humerus
  • composed of fibrous capsule, ligaments of the joint, synovial membrane, and 3 large bursae
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5
Q

Glenoid labrum

A

Rim of fibrous cartilage attached to the Glenoid cavity that deepens the articular surface

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6
Q

Glenohumeral dislocation of the humerus cause and damage

A
  • rotator cuff muscles stabilize joint superiorly
  • coracohumeral,capsular ligament and coracoacromial arch offer limited inferior support–90% dislocations inferior
  • can damage the axillary nerve
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7
Q

Glenohumeral ligament

A
  • superior, middle, lateral

- attaches humerus head to Glenoid cavity

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8
Q

Coracohumeral ligament

A
  • Superior to glenohumeral ligament

- Between coracoid process of scapula to the lesser tuberosity of the humerus

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9
Q

Coracromial ligament

A
  • btwn coracoid process and acromion process

- prevents superior dislocation of the humerus

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10
Q

Subtendinous bursa of the subscapularis

A
  • Anterior of the GH joint.
  • btwn tendon of the subscapularis and neck of the scapula.
  • communicates with synovial cavity
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11
Q

Subacromial bursa

A
  • superior to GH joint

- Under the coracoacromial ligament and above supraspinatus tendon and GH joint capsule.

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12
Q

Subdeltoid bursa

A
  • lateral to GH joint
  • Deep to deltoid muscle and above the subscapularis tendon.
  • communicates with subacromional bursa
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13
Q

deltoid

Origin

A

Clavicular: lateral 1/3 of clavicle.
Acromial: acromion
Spinal: scapular spine.

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14
Q

Deltoid

Insertion

A

Deltoid tuberosity on the Humerus

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15
Q

Deltoid innervation

A

Axillary nerve (C5-6)

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16
Q

Deltoid action

A

Clavicular: fled ion, internal rotation, adduction
Acromial: abduction.
Spinal: extension, external rotation, adduction.

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17
Q

Supraspinatus origin

A

Supraspinous fossa of the scapula

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18
Q

Supraspinatus insertion

A

The anterior facet of the Greater tuberosity of the humerus

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19
Q

Supraspinatus innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve C5-6

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20
Q

Supraspinatus action

A

Abduction (first 15 degrees, deltoid then takes over)

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21
Q

Infraspinatus origin

A

Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

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22
Q

The axilla

A

-passageway for neurovascular structures btwn trunk and upper limb

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23
Q

Infraspinatus insertion

A

Medial facet of the greater tuberosity of the humerus

24
Q

Infraspinatus innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve(C4-6)

25
Q

Infraspinatus action

A

External rotation

26
Q

Teres minor origin

A

Scapula lateral border

27
Q

Teres minor insertion

A

Inferior facet of the Greater tuberosity of the humerus

28
Q

Teres minor innervation

A

Axillary nerve C5-6

29
Q

Teres minor action

A

External rotation, weak adduction

30
Q

Subscapularis origin

A

Subscapular fossa of the scapula

31
Q

Subscapularis insertion

A

Lesser tuberosity of the humerus

32
Q

Subscapularis Innervation

A

Subscapular nerve (C5-6)

33
Q

Subscapularis action

A

Internal rotation

34
Q

What muscles make up the rotator cuff?

A

Supra/infra spinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis

35
Q

Pectoralis major origin

A

Clavicular: clavicle medial half
Sternocostal: sternum and costal cartilages 1-6
Abdominal part: rectus sheath anterior layer

36
Q

Pectoralis major insertion

A

Crest of the Greater tubercle on the humerus

37
Q

Pectoralis major innervation

A

Medial and lateral pectoral nerve (C5-T1)

38
Q

Pectoralis major action

A

Entire muscle: adduction and internal rotation.

Clavicular and Sternocostal: flexion and respiration when shoulder is fixed

39
Q

Teres major origin

A

Inferior angle of the scapula

40
Q

Teres major insertion

A

Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus

41
Q

Teres major innervation

A

Lower subscapular nerve (C5-7)

42
Q

Teres major action

A

Internal rotation, adduction, extension

43
Q

Lats origin

A

Vertebral: T7-12 spinous processes and Thoracolumbar fascia
Scapular: inferior angle
Costal: 9-12 ribs
Iliac; posterior 3rd

44
Q

Lats insertion

A

Floor of the intertubercular groove of the humerus

45
Q

Lats innervation

A

Thoracodorsal C6-8

46
Q

Lats action

A

Internal rotation, adduction, extension, respiration

47
Q

Coracobrachialis origin

A

Coracoid process of scapula

48
Q

Coracobrachialis insertion

A

Humerus in line with the crest of the lesser tubercle

49
Q

Coracobrachialis innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nn C5-7

50
Q

Coracobrachialis action

A

Flexion, adduction, internal rotation.

51
Q

Scapular notch

A

Limited superiorily by superior transverse ligament.

Deep to supraspinatus.

Suprascapular nerve passes below the ligament and suprascapular artery passes above it.

52
Q

Quadrangular space boundaries and contents

A

Long head of tricep, the humerus, teres major and minor.

Contents: posterior circumflex humeral artery and axillary nerves

53
Q

Triangle space boundaries and contents

A

Long head of the triceps and the teres major and minor muscles.

Contents: circumflex scapular artery

54
Q

Triceps hiatus

A

Between the long and lateral heads of the triceps and inferior to teres major.

Contents: radial nerve and deep brachial artery.

55
Q

Ligaments of the shoulder (GH joint)

A

coracohumeral, Glenohumeral, and coracoacromial ligaments.

3 large bursae and a fibrous capsule

Gross-exam 2 (6 decks)

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