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CELL BIO EXAM 3 > The Senses: The Sights And Sounds > Flashcards

The Senses: The Sights And Sounds Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The senses of sight, sound, equilibrium, taste, and smell are referred to as?

A

Special senses

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2
Q

Other senses scattered throughout our body are referred to as?

A

General senses

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3
Q

General senses include sensations such as ?

A

Touch, heat, cold, pain, nausea, hunger, thirst and pressure (or deep touch)

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4
Q

Cutaneous senses use the receptors of the?

A

Skin

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5
Q

Visceral senses include ?

A

Nausea, hunger, thirst, the need to urinate, etc.

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6
Q

The light rays from the image you pass through the pupil, and then through the lens, where they are focused on the?

A

Retina (photoreceptors)

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7
Q

The iris allows the?

A

Right amount of light to enter the eyes

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8
Q

The lens allows for?

A

Proper focusing

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9
Q

External structure of the eye help to?

A

Provide protection

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10
Q

The orbit is a cavity formed buy the skull that?

A

Houses and protects the eyeball

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11
Q

The orbit cavity is padded with fatty tissue that?

A

Acts as a cushion to prevent injury.

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12
Q

Six short muscles connect the eyeball to the orbit and allow?

A

Rotary movement so you can see in all directions

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13
Q

The eyelids close over the eye to protect it from?

A

Light, foreign particles , or impact injury

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14
Q

Eyelashes in the eyelid help to?

A

Prevent large particles from entering the eye

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15
Q

The eyelids also contain sebaceous glands that secrete oil to keep the eyelids ?

A

Soft and pliant, and make the eyelashes slightly sticky to trap particles

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16
Q

The conjunctiva is a membrane over the surface of the eyeball that acts as a?

A

Protective covering for the exposed surface

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17
Q

The lacrimal apparatus produces and stores?

A

Tears and contains the lacrimal gland and its corresponding ducts

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18
Q

The lacrimal gland produces ?

A

Tears, spread by blinking, for cleaning and lubrication

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19
Q

Tears act as an?

A

Antiseptic

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20
Q

The globe-shaped eyeball is the organ of vision and is

A

Separated into two chambers of fluid that help to protect the eye

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21
Q

The fluids of the eye are called?

A

Humors

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22
Q

Aqueous humor is watery and?

A

Bathes the iris, pupil, and lens.

23
Q

Vitreous humor is a clear jelly-like fluid that?

A

Occupies the entire cavity behind the lens

24
Q

How many layers does the eyes have ?

A

Three layers : sclera, choroid, and the retina

25
Q

The sclera is the outermost layer and is a ?

A

Fibrous tissue that serves as a protective shield

26
Q

The sclera contains the cornea, which is transparent to allow?

A

Light to pass through and curved to bend the entering light to focus it on the retina

27
Q

The choroid is the middle layer. It is a highly vascularized ?

A

And pigmented region that provides nourishment to the eye.

28
Q

The choroid layer contains ?

A

The iris and the pupil

29
Q

The iris is the colored portion of the eye that?

A

Controls the opening, or pupil, where light passes into the eye.

30
Q

The iris is a sphincter that in low light____?

A

Relaxes, allowing the pupil to dilate so more light an enter

31
Q

Located behind the pupil is the lens, which?

A

Is surrounded by ciliary muscles

32
Q

The capillary muscles can alter the shape of the lens, making it?

A

Thinner or thicker to allow the incoming light rays to focus on the retina

33
Q

This process is called accommodation, which basically ?

A

Combines changes in the size of the pupil and the lens curvature to make sure the image converges in the same place on the retina and therefore is properly focused

34
Q

The innermost layer of the eye is the ?

A

Retina

35
Q

The retina contains two types of light sensing receptors called?

A

Rods and cones

36
Q

The rods are active in?

A

Dim light and do not perceive color

37
Q

The cones are active in ?

A

Bright light and perceive color (red, green, blue)

38
Q

The ear is responsible for ?

A

Hearing and maintaining our equilibrium, or sense of balance

39
Q

The ear can be separated into three divisions ?

A

External, middle, and internal ear or labyrinth

40
Q

Referred pain originates in an internal organ and is?

A

Felt in another region of the skin

41
Q

Phantom pain is when?

A

Pain felt in an area that no longer exists (amputation)

42
Q

Conjunctivitis is caused by?

A

Pathogens or irritants (pink eye)

43
Q

Cataract is the?

A

Clouding of the lens (increased exposure to sunlight)

44
Q

Glaucoma is caused by?

A

Increased pressure in the fluid of the eye

45
Q

Hyperopia results from the ?

A

Flattening of the globe of the eye or refraction problem where light rays focus behind the retina (farsightedness)

46
Q

Myopia is when ?

A

Objects at a distance appear blurred (nearsightedness)

47
Q

Amblyopia is also called?

A

Lazy eye when one eye does more work than the other

48
Q

Astigmatism is the ?

A

Inability to focus an image due to an irregular curvature of the eye

49
Q

Menderes disease is a ?

A

Chronic infection that affects the labyrinth and leads to progressive hearing loss and vertigo

50
Q

Tinnitus is the?

A

Ringing in the ear

51
Q

Special senes are?

A

Sight, sound and equilibrium, taste, and smell

52
Q

The body feels other sensations such as touch, heat, cold, and pain which are called?

A

General senses

53
Q

Touch receptors are known as ?

A

Tactile corpuscles

54
Q

The desensitizing of touch sensors is called?

A

Adaptation

CELL BIO EXAM 3 (4 decks)

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