The Nervous System: Part Two: The Traffic Control Center

Question 1

The brain acts as more as the?

Answer 1

Main processor and director of the entire system

Question 2

The cranial nerves leave the brain and go mainly to the head where they ?

Answer 2

Receive information and send it back to the brain (sensory) and the brain sends back instructions to move (motor)

Question 3

The brain is divided into three sections called?

Answer 3

Cerebrum, cerebellum, and Brian stem

Question 4

The Cerebrum is the ?

Answer 4

Largest part of the brain

Question 5

The cerebrum is divided into the?

Answer 5

Right and left hemisphere by the longitudinal fissure

Question 6

The surface of the cerebrum is not smooth, but broken by?

Answer 6

Ridges (gyri) and grooves (sulci) known as convolutions

Question 7

These convolution serves a very important purpose by?

Answer 7

Increasing the surface area of the brain, so you can pack more brain in a smaller space

Question 8

The lobes are named for the skull bones that?

Answer 8

Cover them and occur in pairs, one in each hemisphere

Question 9

The frontal lobe is responsible for?

Answer 9

Motor functions, behavior and emotions, memory storage, thinking, smell

Question 10

The parietal lobes are involved with?

Answer 10

Body sense, perception and speech

Question 11

The occipital lobes are responsible for?

Answer 11

Vision

Question 12

The temporal lobe is responsible for?

Answer 12

Hearing, taste, language comprehension, integration of emotions

Question 13

Much of the information coming into your brain is contralateral, meaning that the?

Answer 13

Right side of your body is controlled by the left side of your cerebral cortex and the left side of your body is controlled by the right side of your cerebral cortex

Question 14

What type of movement is the precentral gyrus?

Answer 14

Voluntary movement

Question 15

What type of movement is postcentral gyrus ?

Answer 15

Detects touch sensation

Question 16

The frontal lobe contains Broca’s area which?

Answer 16

Control motor output for speech

Question 17

In the partial lobe is the Wernike’s area that is thought to?

Answer 17

Control sensory aspect of language

Question 18

In most people, Broca’s and Wernicke’s area are?

Answer 18

In the left hemisphere

Question 19

There is a fifth lobe that is hidden called the insula which is responsible for ?

Answer 19

Autonomic functions

Question 20

The cerebellum is divided into hemispheres by a raised ridge called?

Answer 20

Vermis

Question 21

The cerebellum is involved in?

Answer 21

Sensory and motor coordination and balance

Question 22

The brain stem is a divided into three sections that are?

Answer 22

The medulla oblongata, pons, and the midbrain

Question 23

The medulla oblongata is responsible for ?

Answer 23

Control of heartbeat, respiration, and blood vessel diameter

Question 24

The pons is just superior to the medulla oblongata and plays a role in?

Answer 24

Respiration

Question 25

The midbrain is a pathway to relay?

Answer 25

Sensory and motor information (visual and auditory impulses)

Question 26

Ventricles are the?

Answer 26

Cavities of the brain that is filled with CSF

Question 27

The CSF is filtered from the blood in the ventricles by tissue called?

Answer 27

Choroid plexus

Question 28

If there is too much CSF then?

Answer 28

Pressure inside the skull will rise and eventually crunch brain tissue

Question 29

The condition in which there is too much CSF is called?

Answer 29

Hydrocephalus (water on brain)

Question 30

Hydrocephalus can be caused by blockage of the narrow passages connecting ventricles due to?

Answer 30

Trauma, a birth defect, tumor, or decreased reabsorption of CSF

Question 31

The diencephalon consists of several parts including the ?

Answer 31

Thalamus, hypothalamus, pineal body, and the pituitary gland which interface with the endocrine system

Question 32

The function if the thalamus is to?

Answer 32

Relay and process information going to the cerebrum

Question 33

The function of the hypothalamus is to?

Answer 33

Regulate hormone levels, temperature, etc

Question 34

The function of the pineal body is?

Answer 34

Responsible for secretion of melatonin (body clock)

Question 35

The pituitary gland functions by?

Answer 35

Secretion of hormones for various functions

Question 36

The cerebellum fine tunes voluntary skeletal muscle activity and ?

Answer 36

Helps in the maintenance of balance

Question 37

Olfactory (I)

Answer 37

Smell

Question 38

Optic (II)

Answer 38

Vision

Question 39

Oculomotor (III)

Answer 39

Eye movement

Question 40

Trochlear (IV)

Answer 40

Eye movement

Question 41

Trogeminal (V)

Answer 41

Chewing

Question 42

Abducens (VI)

Answer 42

Eye movement

Question 43

Facial (VII)

Answer 43

Facial expression and sensation of taste

Question 44

Vestibulocochlear (VIII)

Answer 44

Hearing and balance

Question 45

Glossopharyngeal (IX)

Answer 45

Taste sensation, tongue and throat muscle

Question 46

Vagus (X)

Answer 46

Heart, lungs, taste buds

Question 47

Accessory (XI)

Answer 47

Soft palate, trapezius, and sternoclidomastoid muscles

Question 48

Hypoglossal (XII)

Answer 48

Tongue muscle

Question 49

The somatic sensation includes ?

Answer 49

Fine/crude touch, vibration, pain, temperature, and body position

Question 50

Patients with Parkinson’s disorder have?

Answer 50

Difficulty walking, swallowing, and have tremors when sitting

Question 51

The somatic system controls?

Answer 51

Skeletal muscles

Question 52

The autonomic system controls physiological characteristics such as ?

Answer 52

Blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, digestion, and sweating

Question 53

The sympathetic division controls the ?

Answer 53

“Fight or flight” response in case of emergencies

Question 54

The function of the parasympathetic division is describes as?

Answer 54

“Rest and repose” as it has the opposite effect of the sympathetic division

Question 55

The parasympathetic effects include?

Answer 55

Decreased heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure, increased digestive activity including salvation

Question 56

The limbic system is involved in?

Answer 56

Mood, emotion, and memory

Question 57

The reticular system is vital for the?

Answer 57

Maintenance of conscious awareness of your surroundings

Question 58

In spastic paralysis the muscles ?

Answer 58

Contract randomly and reflexes do not have any control signal from the brain

Question 59

What causes spastic paralysis?

Answer 59

Strokes, head injuries, and spinal cord injury

Question 60

Flaccid paralysis is caused by damage to the spinal nerves, so?

Answer 60

Impulses cannot get to the muscle from the motor neuron

Question 61

Flaccid paralysis occurs with peripheral injury or disorder like?

Answer 61

Polio or Guillain-Barré syndrome

Question 62

Cerebral palsy (CP) is caused by?

Answer 62

Improper development or damage to the motor system of the brain

Question 63

A cerebral vascular accident (CVA) or stoke is caused by interruption of blood flow to a portion of the brain due to ?

Answer 63

Hemorrhage or blood clot, if oxygen supply is disrupted long enough, the brain cells will die

Question 64

Symptoms of CVA can include?

Answer 64

Paralysis, inability to speak, blindness, loss of memory, or lack of sensation

Question 65

Subdural hematomas are caused by ?

Answer 65

Head injuries rupturing tiny blood vessels

Question 66

The covering of the brain are the ?

Answer 66

Meninges

Question 67

The layer of gray matter surrounding the white matter of the brain is the?

Answer 67

Cortex

Question 68

The fluid filled cavities in the brain are called?

Answer 68

Ventricles

Question 69

These structures are involved in motor coordination ?

Answer 69

Basal nuclei