The Science Of Skeletal System Osteology

Question 1

Skeletal Task

Answer 1

• Skelet
  
  • Support to the body and soft tissue and organs
  • Movement attachments for skeletal muscles
  • Protection of internal organs
• Bone
  
  • Blood formation in red bone marrow
  • Reserve
    
    • Fat in yellow bone marrow
    • Minerals - Calcium and phosphor

Question 2

Trajectories

Answer 2

Lines of minimum resistance -> bone strength

Question 3

Bone division relative to the position in the body

Answer 3

• Axial (body axis)
  
  • Skull
  • Auditory ossicles
  • Sublingual bone
  • Spine
  • Thorax
• Apendicular (skeleton of the limbs)
  
  • Upper limb (shoulder ring, free hand)
  • Lower limb (pelvic ring, free leg)

Question 4

Bone cells

Answer 4

• Mesenchymal germ cells -> osteoblast progenitor cells -> pre-osteoblast -> osteoblast ( germ bone cells) -> osteocytes (mature bone cells)
• Hematopoietic germ cells -> monocytes -> osteoclast progenitor cells -> pre-osteoclast -> osteoclasts (decomposer cells)

Question 5

Lamellae

Answer 5

Mineralised intercellular with collagen fibers

Question 6

Components of a haver’s duct

Answer 6

• Lymphatic vessels
• Artery
• Nerve
• Vein

Question 7

Susbstantia spongiosa

Answer 7

• Trabecule: Intercellar lamallaes
• Areoles: Intermediate spaces

Question 8

What can you notice on the surface of the bone?

Answer 8

• Protrusions, roughness
• Injuries
• Joint surface

Question 9

Sesamoid bone

Answer 9

• Characteristics
  
  • Origin: connective tissue of tendons/ ligaments
  • The muscles surrounding the tendon -> Move it away from the joint
  • Poor blood supply
• Position
  
  • In knee, manus and pes