The Science of Obesity Flashcards
1
Q
Obesity definition
A
Abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health
2
Q
What BMI values are overweight and obese?
A
- Overweight = 25-29.9
- Obese = 30+
3
Q
What is monogenic obesity?
A
Obesity caused by a single gene mutation
4
Q
What mutation is the most common cause of monogenic obesity?
A
Mutation of melanocortin 4 receptor (MCR4)
5
Q
What is the normal function of MCR4?
A
Increase energy expenditure and decrease food consumption
6
Q
Biological causes of obesity
A
- Genetic or syndrome
- Hypothalamic
- Endocrine
- Medication
- Mental disorders
- Lifestyle
7
Q
What are the 4 tiers of the weight loss tier system?
A
- Tier 1 = public health initiatives
- Tier 2 = community-based weight loss programmes
- Tier 3 = pharmacological treatment, VLEDs
- Tier 4 = bariatric surgery
8
Q
Mechanism of orlistat
A
- Inhibits lipase enzymes
- Triglycerides not broken down so lost in faeces
- Less fat absorbed and stored
9
Q
What does a diet need to be for the patient?
A
- Affordable
- Tolerable
- Enjoyable
10
Q
3 types of bariatric surgery
A
- Adjustable gastric band (AGB)
- Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB)
- Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG)
