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gross anatomy unit 3 > the scalp > Flashcards

the scalp Flashcards

1
Q

components of the scalp

A 
Skin
subCutaneous tissue
Aponeneurosis (galea aponeurotica)
Loose Connective Tissue
Periosteum (pericranium)
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2
Q

why is scalping an easy process

A

because of the loos subaponeurotictissue

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3
Q

potential site of infection

A

loose subaponeurotic tissue

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4
Q

V1 nerves

A

supratrochlear nerve; supraorbital nerve

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5
Q

V2 nerve

A

zygomatictemporal nerve

auriculotemporal nerve

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6
Q

C2 nerves

A

less occipital nerve

greater occipital nerve

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7
Q

C3 nerve

A

third occipital nerve

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8
Q

superficial arteries of the skull (5)

A 
supratrochlear artery
supraorbital artery
superficial temporal artery
posterior auricular artery
occipital artery
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9
Q

arteries of the face

A 
supraorbital artery
supratrochlear artery
angular artery
transverse facial artery
lateral nasal artery
superior and inferior labial arteries
maxilarry artery
mental artery
facial artery
superficial temporal artery
occipital artery
posterior auricular artery
internal carotid artery
external carotid artery
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10
Q

arteries with interal carotid artery as source

A

supraorbital artery

supratrochlear artery

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11
Q

superficial veins of the face

A 
superficial temporal vein
middle temporal vein
maxillary vein
retromandibular vein
posterior auricular vein
external jugular vein
internal jugular vein
frontal tributary of superficial temporal vein
supratrochlear vein
superior and inferior opthalmic veins
superior and inferior palpebral veins
angular vein
external nasal vein
superior labial vein
deep facial vein
inferior labial vein
submental vein
facial vein
common facial vein
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12
Q

diploic veins of the skull

A 
parietal emissary vein
frontal diploic vein
anterior temporal diploic vein
occipital diploic vein
posterior temporla diploic vein
mastoid emissary vein
condyloid emissary vein
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13
Q

CN VII

A

facial nerve and posterior auricular nerve

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14
Q

lacrimal nerve

A

CN V1

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15
Q

supraorbital nerve

A

CN V1

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16
Q

zygomaticotemporal nerve

A

CN V2

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17
Q

auriculotemporal nerve

A

CN V3

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18
Q

CN V1

A 
supraorbital
supratrochlear
infratrochlear
external nasal
lacrimal
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19
Q

CN V2

A

zygomaticotemporal
zygomaticofacial
infaorbital

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20
Q

CN V3

A

auriculotemporal
buccal
mental

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21
Q

CN V

A

trigeminal nerve

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22
Q

greater occipital

A

C2

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23
Q

third occipital

A

C3

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24
Q

lesser occipital

A

C2, C3

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25
Q

great auricular

A

C2, C3

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26
Q

how to diagnose trigeminal neuralgia

A

compres the terminal branches of the trigeminal nerve: supraorbital at supraorbital foramen (v/1); infraorbital at infraorbital foramen (V/2); mental at mental foramen (V/3)

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27
Q

trigeminal dermatomes

A

optalmic V1
maxillary V2
mandibular V3

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28
Q

herpes zoster

A

limited to one, sometimes two divisions, ipsilateral, activation of latent virus in ganglion cells

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29
Q

trigeminal neuralgia

A 
limited to one, sometimes 2 divisions
lancintating pain
trigger zones
probably nerve compression
simple diagnostic test: compress terminal branches of trigeminal nerve (supraorbitalis, infraorbitalis, and mentalis)
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30
Q

what are the mucles of facial expression innervated by

A

facial [VII] cranial nerve

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31
Q

what are the arteries supplying the muscles of facial expression

A

facial and maxillary arteries

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32
Q

terminal branches facial nerve (CN VII)

A

temporal

posterior auricular

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33
Q

terminal branches facial nerve (CN VII)

A

zygomatic
buccal
cervical
marginal mandibular

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34
Q

muscles of facial expression: motor innervation - CN VII

A

temporal branch, zygomatic branch, posterior auricular branch, main trunk of VII, cervical branch, mandibular branch, buccal branch

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35
Q

hemifacial spasm

A

believed to result from irritation (compression of the facial nerve)

uncontrollable ipsilateral facial grimacing due to painless contractions of facial muscles

treated by surgical “decompression” of the facial nerve

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36
Q

bell’s palsy

A

lesion or inflammation of the facial nerve; unilateral; motor paralysis; often reversible; can result from “missed” injection of local anesthetic

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37
Q

origin of frontal muscle

A

galea aponeurotica

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38
Q

insertion of frontal muscle

A

muscles and dermis above and around the nose and eye

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39
Q

innervation of the frontal muscle

A

temporal branch VII

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40
Q

action of the frontal muscle

A

wrinkle forehead

raises eyebrow

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41
Q

origin of occipitalis muscle

A

mastoid process and superior nuchal line

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42
Q

insertion of occipitalis muscle

A

galea aponeurotica

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43
Q

innervation of the occipitalis muscle

A

posterior auricular Br. VII

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44
Q

occipitalis action

A

tightens scalp

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45
Q

origin of the auricularis ant.

A

temporal fascia

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46
Q

insertion of the auricularis ant.

A

major helix

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47
Q

innervation of auricularis ant.

A

temporal VII

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48
Q

action of auricular ant.

A

pulls ear forward and upward

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49
Q

origin of auricularis med.

A

temporal fascia

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50
Q

insertion of auricular med.

A

above ear

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51
Q

innervation of auricular med.

A

temporal VII

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52
Q

action of auricularis med.

A

pulls ear upward

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53
Q

origin of auricularis post

A

mastoid process

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54
Q

insertion of auricular post

A

posterior ear

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55
Q

innervationof auricular post

A

post auricular VII

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56
Q

action of auricularis post

A

pulls ear backward

57
Q

origin of obicularis oculi
orbital
palepbral

A

nasal process of frontal
frontal process of maxilla
med. palebral ligament and lacrimal crest

58
Q

insertion of orbiculari oculi
orbital
papebral

A

adjacent muscles
lateral palebral raphe
superior and inferior tarsi

59
Q

innervation of orbicularis oculi
orbital
palpebral

A

temporal and zygomatic VII

60
Q

action of orbicularis oculi
orbital
palpebral

A

closes eye

61
Q

origin of corrugators supercilli

A

medial aspect of supercillary arch

62
Q

insertion of corrugators supercilli

A

dermis around supraorbital foramen

63
Q

innervation of corrugators supercilli

A

temporal and zygomatic br VII

64
Q

action of corrugators supercilli

A

wrinkles eyebrows

65
Q

origin of procerus

A

fascia of nasal bone

66
Q

insertion of procerus

A

dermis over giabella

67
Q

innervation of procerus

A

buccal VII

68
Q

action of procerus

A

depresses eyebrows

69
Q

origin of nasalis

A

maxilla and alar cartilage

70
Q

insertion of nasalis

A

dermis of nose

71
Q

innervation of nasalis

A

buccal VII

72
Q

action of nasalis

A

dilates nares

73
Q

origin of lebator labil superioris

A

maxilla aboce the infraorbital foramen

74
Q

insertion of the levator superioris

A

upper lip

75
Q

innervation of levator labii superioris

A

buccal

76
Q

action of levator labii superioris

A

elevates upper lip

77
Q

origin of levator labii superiors alaque nasi

A

frontal process of maxilla

78
Q

insertion of levator labii superioris alaque nasi

A

upper lip and alar cartilage of nose

79
Q

innervation of levator labii superioris alaque nasi

A

buccal

80
Q

action of levator labii superioris alaque nasi

A

elevates upper lip

81
Q

origin of levator anguli oris

A

canine fossa of maxillary bone

82
Q

insertion of levator anguli oris

A

corner of mouth

83
Q

innervation of levator anguli oris

A

buccal of VII

84
Q

action of levator anguli oris

A

lifts corner of mouth

85
Q

origin of zygomaticus major

A

temproal process of zygoma

86
Q

insertion of zygomaticus minor

A

upper lip medial to corner of mouth

87
Q

innervation of zygomaticus minor

A

buccal of VII

88
Q

action of zygomaticus minor

A

elevates upper lip

89
Q

origin of risorius

A

maseteric fascia

90
Q

insertion of risorius

A

corner of mouth

91
Q

innervation of risorius

A

buccal and mandibular VII

92
Q

action of risorius

A

smile muscle

93
Q

origin of depressor anguli oris

A

mandible, oblique line

94
Q

insertion of depressor anguli oris

A

corner of mouth

95
Q

innervation of depressor anguli oris

A

mandibular and buccal VII

96
Q

action of depressor anguli oris

A

depresses corner of mouth

97
Q

origin of depressor labii inferioris

A

mandible, oblique line

98
Q

insertion of depressor labii inferioris

A

lower lip

99
Q

innervation of depressor labii inferioris

A

mandibular and buccal VII

100
Q

action of depressor labii inferioris

A

depresses lower lip

101
Q

origin of mentalis

A

incisive fossa

102
Q

insertion of mentalis

A

dermis

103
Q

innervation of mentalis

A

mandibular and buccal VII

104
Q

action of mentalis

A

wrinkle chin, protude lower lip

105
Q

origin of orbicularis oris

A

surrounding muscles

106
Q

insertion of orbicularis oris

A

dermis and buccinators

107
Q

innervation of orbicularis oris

A

buccal VII

108
Q

action of orbicularis oris

A

closes, purses and protrudes lips

109
Q

origin of platysma

A

pectroal and deltoid fascia

110
Q

insertion of platysma

A

inferior border of mandible

111
Q

innervation of platysma

A

cervical VII

112
Q

action of platysma

A

depresses madible, corner of mouth, lower lip

113
Q

facial artery distribution

A
  1. inferior labial
  2. superior labial
  3. lateral nasal
  4. angular
  5. muscular branches
114
Q

superfical temporal artery distrbution

A
  1. transverse facial
  2. branches to parotid gland
  3. anterior auricular branch
  4. middle temporal branches
  5. zygomatico-orbital branch
  6. frontal branches
  7. parietal branches
115
Q

maxillary artery superficial branches

A

a. infraorbital - facial branches
b. buccal
c. inferior alveolar
d. mental

116
Q

opthalmic artery superfical branches

A

a. supraorbital
b. supratrochlear
c. dorsal nasal
d. zygomaticofacial

117
Q

venous drainage from the face

A
  1. facial V.
  2. superficial temporal V.
  3. retromandibular V.
  4. opthalmic veins
  5. maxillary v and pterygoid plexus
118
Q

cavernous sinuses

A

provide a major intersectiomn between orbital veins and many other dural sinuses

119
Q

borders for the danger area of the face

A

upper lip, lateral aspect of nose, corner of teh eye just superior to supraorbital ridge

120
Q

problem with danger area of the face

A

squeezing zits and boils can cause infection which drains into the cavernous sinus directly or via communications with opthalmic veins

121
Q

external carotid artery supplies

A

facial artery
superficial temproal artery
maxillary artery

122
Q

facial artery supplies

A

inf. labial
sup. labial
angular

123
Q

superficial temporal artery supplies

A

trans. facial

124
Q

internal carotid artery supplies

A

opthalmic artery

125
Q

opthalmic artery supplies

A

supratrochlear artery

supraorbital artery

126
Q

facial vein supplies

A

angular

sup. labial
inf. labial

127
Q

superficial temporal vein supplies

A

trans. facial

128
Q

retromandibular vein forms

A

external jugular vein with posterior auriclular

129
Q

opthalmic vein supplies

A

superior

inferior

130
Q

veins of the superficial face

A 
facial
superficial temporal
retromandibular (with posterior auricular)
opthalmic
pterygoid plexus
maxillary
131
Q

primary lymph nodes of the head and face

A 
occipitalis
retroauricularis
parotid (superfical and deep)
submandibular
submentalis
retropharyngeal
132
Q

occipitalis lymph nodes

A

from occipital region

133
Q

retroauricularis lymph nodes

A

from head region behind the ear, posterior portion of posterior region of external acoustic meatus and middle ear

134
Q

parotid (superficial and deep)

A

from anterior portion of ear, temporalis region of face, superior palpebra

135
Q

submandibularis

A

superficial regions of nose, lower palpebra, upper limb and teeth, lower molar teeth, lateral portion of lower limb, middle and posterior portions of tongue, hard palate

136
Q

submentalis

A

from anterior portion of lower limn, lower incisors, tip of the tongue

137
Q

retropharyngeal

A

from upper pharynx, middle ear, soft palate, posterior regions of nose, orbit

138
Q

secondary lymph nodes in the neck

A

superficial and and deep cervical lymph nodes

139
Q

superficial and and deep cervical lymph nodes

A

functon as primary nodes and colelct lymph from tonsilla palatina and lingualis, last lower molar teeth, radix of the tongue

gross anatomy unit 3 (5 decks)

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