parotid bed Flashcards
parotid capsule
fascia around the parotid gland
parotideomasseteric fascia
where the parotid capsule covers the masseter muscle
posterior parotid bed boundary
mastoid process of temporal bone and sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM)
anterior parotid bed boundary
ramus of the mandible and masseter and int. pterygoid muscle
medial (floor) of the parotid bed boundary
styloid process, stylohyoid ligament, stylohyoid muscle, posterior belly of digastric, and carotid sheath
superior boundary
temporomandibular joint (TMJ), tympanic bone, and cartilage of ext. auditory meatus
facial nerve (CN VII) branches
temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, cervical
synaptic innervation of the parotid gland
from superior cervical ggl. axons run in adventitia of arteries supplying the gland
parasympathetic innervationof the parotid gland
inferior salvatory nucleus in medulla
glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) contains presynaptic axons
lesser petrosal nerve (presynaptic)
otic ganglion (pre-synaptic fibers form synapses with ggl. cells)
auriculotemporal nerve (from CN V) takes postsynaptic fibers to parotid gland
synpatic innervation from superior cervical ggl.
axons run in adventitia of arteries supplying the gland
innervation of parotid gland
glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) to sensory ganglia of CN IX –> typanic nerve to typanic plexus in the typanic cavity to pharyngotympanic tube to lesser petrosal nerve to otic ganglion to parotid branches of auriculotemporal nerve (CNV3)
primary lymph nodes
superficial and deep parotid glands
secondary lymph nodes
superficial cervical lymph nodes
tertiary lymph nodes
deep cervical lymph nodes
anterior relationships of parotid gland
ramus of the mandible, masseter m, medial pterygoid m.
posterior relationships of parotid gland
sternocleidomastoid m.
medial relationships to the parotid gland
posterior belly of digastric m., “sytlo” muscles, and carotid sheath
lateral relationships of parotid gland
skin, sesnory fibers of trigeminal (V3) and C3
within the parotid gland
motor branches of facial n.
blood supply of the parotid gland
arteries - external carotid artery (transverse facial and direct branches)
veins - transverse facial, retromandibular, pterygoid plexus, etc. - external jugular
nerve supply of the parotid gland
sympathetic - superior cervical ganglion - postganglionic fibers run in the adventitia of arteries
parasympathetic - inferior salvitory nucleus in medulla - glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) - lesser petrosal nerve - tympanic plexus - otic ganglion - auricultemporal nerve (V) - parotid gland (communication between cranial nerves)
sensory - auriculotemporal nerve (V/3)
lymphatic drainage of the parotid gland
duct of gland (stenon): runs parallel with and below zygomatic arch, on masseter muscle, penetrates buccalis muscle and empties saliva into vestibulum oris at level of 2nd superior molar tooth
where does the facial nerve exit
stylomastoid foramen
where does the facial nerve travel
between superficial and deep lobes of the gland
what does the facial nerve communicate with
cranial nerves V, IX, and and the cervical plexus
what does the facial nerve give off
posterior auricular nerve and branches to stylohyoid muscle and posterior belly of the digastric muscle
where does the facial nerve branch
to great auricular nerve
two major divisions of the facial nerve i the parotid gland
temporofacial and cervicofacial –> form pes anserinus
sensory innervation of the paoritd gland
provides by the trigeminal nerve (auriculotemporalis)
autonomic parasympathetic innervation of the parotid gland
provided by the glossopharyngeal nerve and sympathetic innervation by the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion
where all lymph from the face and scalp eventually drain
into the deep cervical nodes which lie along the course of the internal jugular vein
