The Roots of Modern Political Science Unit 2

Question 1

What is Liberalism?

Answer 1

A political and social ideology that advocates government activism, civil liberties and social reform.

Question 1

What is conservatism?

Answer 1

Advocates limited government intervention and the preservation or restoration of traditions.

Question 2

What is Libertarianism?

Answer 2

Belief in total personal freedoms without the constraints of imposed rules.

Question 3

What is Anarchism?

Answer 3

Belief that all forms of enforced control and authority are unnecessary and undesirable.

Question 4

What is Authoritarianism?

Answer 4

Belief in the individuals duty to follow established rules - can land on both sides of spectrum right or left.

Question 5

What is Totalitarianism?

Answer 5

A form of government in which the state assumes total control of all aspects of society and individual life.

Question 6

What is Communism?

Answer 6

Economic equality in society by seizing power from the bourgeoisie and giving it to the proletariat; emphasis on control of the economy and the individual.

Question 7

What is Socialism?

Answer 7

The means of production and distribution of goods are owned colectively and political power is excersised the whole community.

Question 8

What is Capitalism?

Answer 8

Economic theory that supports free trade, private property, individual profit making, private ownership of capital, and minimum government intervention in the economic system.

Question 9

What is Fascism?

Answer 9

Political ideology of the extreme right that blends authoritarianism, paternalism, and capitalism; it supports the hierical view of society, and builds its appeal on nationalism, opposition to communism, and the use of force.

Question 10

What is Social democracy?

Answer 10

A political movement that seeks to lesson the gap between the wealthy and the poor within a democracy through: minimum wage, universal healthcare, old age pensions, unemployment insurance, parenting benefits, and housing subsidies.

Question 11

What is Egalitarianism?

Answer 11

The belief in or promotion of equal political, economic, social & civil rights for all people.

Question 12

What philosophy did Edmund Burke propose?

Answer 12

Modern conservatism.

Question 13

What philosophy did Jeremy Bentham propose?

Answer 13

Utilitarianism.

Question 14

What philosophy did Laozi propose?

Answer 14

Taoism.

Question 15

What philosophy did Pierre-Joseph Proudhon propose?

Answer 15

Anarchism, first to identify and use the term anarchist.

Question 16

What philosophy did Peter Kroptin propose?

Answer 16

Anarchism, he set theoretical framework for how a future society could implement and folow anarchism.

Question 17

What philosophy did Ayn Rand propose?

Answer 17

Individualism, prioritize the rights of an individual over those of a colective.

Question 18

What philosophy did Karl Marx propose?

Answer 18

Founding father of communism and believed in marxism.

Question 19

What philosophy did Thomas More propose?

Answer 19

Socialism, socialism goes as far back as 16th century England.

Question 20

What philosophy did Adam Smith propose?

Answer 20

Proposed an open and free market and power of competition with his belief of capitalism.

Question 21

What philosophy did Adolf Hitler propose?

Answer 21

Nazism or Facism.

Question 22

What philosophy did Vladimir Lenin propose?

Answer 22

Marxism-Leninism.

Question 23

What philosophy did Francisco Franco follow?

Answer 23

Facism.

Question 24

What philosophy did Mao Zedong propose?

Answer 24

Maoism.

Question 25

What views do conservatives follow?

Answer 25

-Believe in traditional values
-Stresses individual responsibility
-Opposes government intervention

Question 26

What views do Liberals follow?

Answer 26

-Emphasizes freedom of choice (dignity of an individual)
-Supports new ideas (values progress)
-Encourages change
-Accepts government intervention when it produces greater equality

Question 27

What views do Authoritarians follow?

Answer 27

-Little to no political opponents
-controls via military/police
-Promotes rights of government over those as an individual

Question 28

What views do Anarchists/Libertarians follow?

Answer 28

-Rights of individual over government
-No acknowledgement of government control
-dissent is a means of personal expression

Question 29

What views do Capitalists follow?

Answer 29

-Free market
-Open market
-Individual profit
-private ownership

Question 30

What views do socialists follow?

Answer 30

-Goods owned collectively
-Redistribution of land and wealth

Question 31

Where does the progressive conservatives land on the political spectrum?

Answer 31

Right-wing.

Question 32

Where does the CCF land on the political spectrum?

Answer 32

Left-wing.

Question 33

Where does the Liberal party land on the political spectrum?

Answer 33

Left-wing.

Question 34

Where does the Social credit party land on the political spectrum?

Answer 34

Started left-wing then became right-wing.

Question 35

Where does the NDP land on the political spectrum?

Answer 35

Left-wing.

Question 36

Where does the Rhinoceros party land on the political spectrum?

Answer 36

they are off spectrum.

Question 37

Where does the Bloc Quebecois land on the political spectrum?

Answer 37

Left-leaning.

Question 38

What is the difference between left-wing and right-wing authoritarian? give an example of each.

Answer 38

-Right-wing authoritarianism focuses on tradition, social order, heriarchial structure.
-Views dissent as a threat to national unity
-Free market
-E.g Adolf hitler, Francisco franco

-Left-wing authoritarianism emphasizes economic equality, no traditional heriarchy
-A Comand economy
-They suppres dissent, it undermines the states goals (counter revolutionary)
-E.g Kim Jong Un, Joesph Stalin

Question 39

What are three ways political change can occur?

Answer 39

1) Hereditary/succession: Falls to eldest son, Traditional rules ensure peaceful succession, autocratic authorities rarely have rules of succession
2) Coups d’tat: “Blow against the state”, overthrows existing government to replace with an autocratic one, usually takes place within 24 hrs, supported by military.
3) People power: protests can bring political change as long as military/police support or are neutral

Question 40

How does the Geography influence politics?

Answer 40

-Shared boarders,with the Northwest passage countries like Russia and the US both claim this passage as they say it boarders them ,countries may experience either tension or cooperation at the boarder.
-Proximity to trade routes, the Suez Canal in Egypt is an example, Countries that control key trade routes can provide influence over global trade, resulting in alliances or tensions.
-Access to natural resources, countries like the US or china are rich in natural resources they make so much revenue through exports, this then improves their economic and political influence .