The Roman Conquest of Italy and its Impact, 509-264 BCE

Question 1

In what year was the Battle of Lake Regillus?

Answer 1

496 BCE

Question 2

What battle of 496 BCE between the Romans and the Latin League seemingly ended in a draw despite supernatural aid from Castor and Pollux?

Answer 2

Lake Regillus

Question 3

With what treaty of 493 BCE, negotiated by Spurius Cassius, did Rome and the Latin League agree to a military alliance, splitting any obtained resources between them equally?

Answer 3

Foedus Cassianum

Question 4

With what Latin tribe, nestled in between the Aequi and the Volsci, did the Romans build a defensive alliance, isolating the Aequi and Volsci and demonstrating their principle of divide et impera?

Answer 4

Hernici

Question 5

Despite suffering a crushing defeat at Mount Algidus in 458 BCE, what tribe was not fully driven out of the area until 431 BCE?

Answer 5

Aequi

Question 6

In order to save the army of Minucius trapped at Mount Algidus, the Roman senate appealed to what soon-to-be dictator plowing on his four-acre farm?

Answer 6

Cincinnatus

Question 7

What man, said to be staunchly anti-plebeian, allied himself with the same Volscians he had previously defeated in a march against Rome in 491 BCE?

Answer 7

(Cn. Marcus) Coriolanus

Question 8

What man defeated a Volscian town in 493 BCE for which he received his cognomen?

Answer 8

(Cn. Marcus) Coriolanus

Question 9

What two women dissuaded Coriolanus from fully marching against Rome?

Answer 9

Veturia (mother) and Volumnia (wife)

Question 10

After a ten year siege, what city just north of Rome on the Cremera River did Rome finally capture in 396 BCE?

Answer 10

Veii

Question 11

His hands and face painted red in homage to the statue of Jupiter, what Roman dictator celebrated a triumph after destroying Veii in 396 BCE?

Answer 11

(M. Furius) Camillus

Question 12

In what year did the Romans destroy Veii?

Answer 12

396 BCE

Question 13

At what battle of 390 BCE did the Senonian chieftain Brennus lead the Gauls to a victory over the slow moving Roman phalanx?

Answer 13

Allia River

Question 14

What year was Allia River?

Answer 14

390 BCE

Question 15

Following the battle of Allia River, the Gauls swiftly moved onto the city of Rome capturing everything except for what?

Answer 15

The Capitol(ine Hill)

Question 16

What man, having heard the honking of the sacred geese of Juno, rallied troops on the Capitoline and successfully defended it against the ensuing Gauls?

Answer 16

Marcus Manlius Capitolinus

Question 17

After hearing complaints from the Romans about the amount of gold they had to pay as a bribe, what man threw down his sword and yelled “Vae victis!”?

Answer 17

Brennus

Question 18

What man was proclaimed “Pater Patriae” and the “Second Founder of Rome” following the events surrounding Allia River?

Answer 18

(M. Furius) Camillus

Question 19

What city, with whom Rome had been allied during the siege of Veii, offered a safe haven for the Vestal Virgins during the Gallic sack of Rome?

Answer 19

Caere

Question 20

What Greek colony helped Rome pay the ransom to free their city from Brennus and the Gauls and sent in expert wall builders to help rebuild the city?

Answer 20

Massilia

Question 21

In 381 BCE, what city became Rome’s first municipium, a self-governing community whose people are still considered wholly Roman?

Answer 21

Tusculum

Question 22

What Latin city did the Romans take after a three year siege in 370 BCE, which may have been enough leverage for tribunes at home to pass various reforms?

Answer 22

Velitrae

Question 23

What people attacked the Sidicini, a small tribe on the northern border of Capua after which the Capuans appealed to Rome for help in 343 BCE?

Answer 23

The Samnites

Question 24

In 343 BCE, the Samnites attacked the Sidicini on the northern border of what city eliciting the First Samnite War?

Answer 24

Capua

Question 25

What war began when Capua alarmed Rome of an attack on the Sidicini to their north in 343 BCE?

Answer 25

First Samnite War

Question 26

What are the years of the First Samnite War

Answer 26

343-341 BCE

Question 27

What are the years of the Great Latin War?

Answer 27

340-338 BCE

Question 28

Where did the Romans led by Publius Decius Mus and Titus Manlius Torquatus defeat the Latins in 340 BCE?

Answer 28

Mt. Vesuvius

Question 29

At what battle in 340 BCE did the first Publius Decius Mus commit devotio to ensure a Roman victory against the Latins?

Answer 29

Mt. Vesuvius

Question 30

From what city did the Romans steal rostra of enemy ships and place them on their speaking platforms in 338 BCE?

Answer 30

Antium

Question 31

In what year did the Latin League dissolve following Rome’s capture of Antium concluding the Great Latin War?

Answer 31

338 BCE

Question 32

The rights of conubium (intermarriage), commercium (legally binding contracts), migratio (change residences) are shared by citizens of Rome and Latium due to what treaty of 493 BCE?

Answer 32

Foedus Cassianum

Question 33

What Latin name is given to the full Roman citizenship citizens of Tusculum received as the first Roman municipium in 381 BCE?

Answer 33

Civitas Optimo Iure

Question 34

What Latin name is given to the Roman citizenship that citizens of a second class municipia might receive which does not grant the right to vote?

Answer 34

Civitas Sine Suffragio

Question 35

What are the years of the Second Samnite War?

Answer 35

327-304 BCE

Question 36

What are the years of the Third Samnite War?

Answer 36

298-290 BCE

Question 37

At what battle in 321 BCE did Titus Veturius and Spurius Postumius Albinus lead the Romans into a disaster against the Samnites?

Answer 37

Caudine Forks

Question 38

In what year was the battle of Caudine Forks?

Answer 38

321 BCE

Question 39

In 321 BCE, what Samnite chieftain destroyed the armies of Titus Veturius and Spurius Postumius Albinus, forcing them to pass under the yoke following the battle of Caudine Forks?

Answer 39

Gavius Pontius

Question 40

What man, the censor of 312 BCE, designed a roadway from Rome to Capua which eventually bore his name?

Answer 40

Appius Claudius Caecus

Question 41

In what year was the battle of Sentinum?

Answer 41

295 BCE

Question 42

At what battle of 295 BCE did the second Publius Decius Mus commit devotio to ensure a Roman victory over the Samnites?

Answer 42

Sentinum

Question 43

In 295 BCE, Publius Decius Mus and Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus routed a Samnite army commanded by whom?

Answer 43

Gellius Egnatius

Question 44

The victories of what consul in 290 BCE led to the end of the Third Samnite War, paving the way for Roman control in central Italy?

Answer 44

Manius Curius Dentatus

Question 45

What Etruscan city, who had previously been an ally of Rome during the siege of Veii and Gallic sack of Rome, was punished with civitas sine suffragio in 273 BCE?

Answer 45

Caere

Question 46

Although he brought much aid to the growing power of Tarentum, what uncle of Alexander the Great was killed in a battle with the Lucanians after losing the support of Tarentum?

Answer 46

Alexander of Epirus

Question 47

The death of what man, who had originally agreed to a treaty with the Romans with regard to the Samnites and Tarentum in 334 BCE, led to the dissolution of that treaty in the eyes of Rome?

Answer 47

Alexander of Epirus

Question 48

In 285 BCE, what Greek city questionably called upon the Romans for aid against the Lucanians rather than Tarentum, stoking the fire between the two growing powers?

Answer 48

Thurii

Question 49

Believing Roman ships in their gulf to violate the treaty of 334 BCE, what city attacked Roman ships without warning and drove out Roman garrisons in Thurii in 282 BCE?

Answer 49

Tarentum

Question 50

Craving the opportunity to establish his own empire, what Epirote readily accepts the calls from Tarentum to attack Rome?

Answer 50

Pyrrhus of Epirus

Question 51

What man was the first to bring elephants against Rome, much to their surprise?

Answer 51

Pyrrhus

Question 52

What are the years of the Pyrrhic War?

Answer 52

280-275 BCE

Question 53

Who might have uttered “Another such victory and I am lost” following the battle of Asculum in 279 BCE?

Answer 53

Pyrrhus

Question 54

In what year was the battle of Heraclea?

Answer 54

280 BCE

Question 55

In what year was the battle Asculum

Answer 55

279 BCE

Question 56

In what year was the battle of Beneventum (Malventum)?

Answer 56

275 BCE

Question 57

At what Greek city did Pyrrhus die after a woman threw a roof tile at his head?

Answer 57

Argos

Question 58

Who dies at Argos after a woman threw a roof tile at his head?

Answer 58

Pyrrhus

Question 59

Who led the Romans at the battle of Beneventum finally quelling Pyrrhus and Tarentum?

Answer 59

Curius Dentatus

Question 60

In 291 BCE, a cult and a temple dedicated to what god was founded on Tiber Island?

Answer 60

Aesculapius

Question 61

In 272 BCE, what aqueduct was constructed to pair up with the Aqua Appia to match the needs of an ever growing city?

Answer 61

Anio Vetus

Question 62

On what hill was the temple of Juno Moneta, which housed the mint?

Answer 62

Capitoline Hill

Question 63

What temple, the home of the mint, was situated on the Capitoline Hill?

Answer 63

Temple of Juno Moneta