Early Roman Society, Religion, and Values Flashcards
What term is given to kin by marriage?
Adfines
What term is given to blood or adoptive relations through the male line?
Agnati
What term is given to relationship to the immediate family either by blood or adoption?
Cognati
At what three festivals might a Roman honor the Di Manes?
Lemuria (May), Parentalia (February), and Feralia (February)
In Ancient Rome, women were always to be placed as a ward to some adult male: her father, husband, or guardian called what in Latin?
Tutor
What women are free from patria potestas and the requirement of a tutor?
Vestal Virgins
What term is given to a husband’s control over his wife?
Manus
A sacrifice to Jupiter of a special cake was part of what Roman ceremony in which a husband could acquire manus over his wife?
Confarreatio
What simpler form of marriage eventually replaced the confarreatio?
Coemptio
In what type of marriage might a woman be married sine manu and remain under the power of her father?
Usus
What Latin term is used to refer to a Roman’s independence from a head of household?
Sui iuris
What Latin term is used to refer to a Roman’s dependence on a head of household?
Alieni iuris
Who was the god of the stored harvest?
Consus
Who was the god of planting?
Saturn
Who was the god of rust or mildew?
Robigus
Who was the goddess of flowers?
Flora
Who was the goddess of fruits?
Pomona
What Latin prayer often accompanied sacrifices indicating that the ritual was beneficial for both the spirits and the giver?
Macte esto (“Be thou increased”)
At what festival would Romans kill a pregnant cow and make a sacrifice of her aborted calf in order to “transfer” fertility back into the earth?
Fordicidia
In what exact and unambiguous language would Romans word their prayers to ensure that their desires and petitions were fully understood?
Formulae
Before she was carried across the threshold, a Roman bride would smear the doorpost with the fat of what animal?
Wolf
The Lares were worshipped at what festival, a sort of thanksgiving in which even slaves took part?
Compitalia
What festival is called the Feast of the Crossroads?
Compitalia
What festival was held near the end of May to secure divine favor for the growing and ripening crops?
Ambarvalia
At what Roman festival would a Roman sacrifice a pig, sheep, and a bull before praying to Mars for good weather and good crops?
Ambarvalia
At what Roman festival would they sacrifice a red dog to avoid the mildew (or rust) that attacked wheat?
Robigalia
What festival, in order to appease the spirt of flocks and herds, later became accepted with the anniversary of Rome’s founding?
Parilia
What Latin term was given to the wet stone kept near the Temple of Mars outside the Porta Capena was brought into the city to induce rain during droughts?
Lapis manalis
Which high priest of Jupiter had a number of restrictive laws following including the inability to see an army in battle gear, to ride or touch a horse, she-goat or dog, to never have knots in his clothing, etc.
Flamen Dialis
