The Rise of the Roman Republic, 509 to 287 BCE Flashcards
After returning from his family’s siege of Ardea, who raped Lucretia, the wife of his cousin Collatinus?
Sextus Tarquinius
Having been forced to resign due to his relation to the Tarquin line, who was replaced as consul by Publius Valerius Publicola?
Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus
What king, having received important military commands from the elder Tarquin, was named Macstrna (Mastarna) in Etruscan
Servius Tullius
The creation of the centuriate military organization can be ascribed to what king who tried to curb the power of aristocratic patres in favor of that of the king?
Servius Tullius
While the Senate could not pass laws, they could make a non legally binding decree solely advising the magistrate called what?
Senatus consultum
What were the four Roman priestly colleges?
Pontiffs (pontifices), Augurs (augures), Fetials (Fetiales), and duovirs (duoviri sacris faciundis)
What type of Roman priest originally performed rituals and incantations to give permanence to flimsy wooden bridges?
Pontifex
What group of twenty priests dealt with issues of peace and war in Rome?
Fetiales
How would the Fetiales officially declare Rome against an enemy?
Throw a spear into their borders
What prophetic books were the duo/decem/quindecimviri responsible for protecting?
The Sibylline Books
In what year was the first Secession of the Plebs?
494 BCE
Where was the first Secession of the Plebs?
Mons Sacer
What political office in Rome was protected by a sacrosanctity called the lex sacrata or else threatened with death at the hands of an angry mob?
Tribune
Originally caretakers of the temple of Ceres, what political office did the concilium plebis also elect to support the tribunes?
Plebeian Aediles
The ability for plebeians to vote on motions put forth by a tribune was called what?
Plebiscita
What so called law of 456 BCE, the first plebiscite, allowed land on the Aventine to be redistributed to poorer citizens?
Lex Icilia
Limiting the size of a fine imposed by a consul to thirty cattle and two sheep were the conditions of what true plebiscite of 454 BCE?
Lex Aternia-Tarpeia
What seemingly arrogant and lustful Roman was twice put in charge of the Decemviral Commission?
Appius Claudius
Whose father decided to kill his daughter in order to save her from the dishonor of being Appius Claudius’s slave?
Verginia’s
In what year were the Twelve Tables officially promulgated?
449 BCE
What set of laws in 449 BCE, set forth by the two consuls of that year, ensured that any plebiscite passed by the plebeians must be followed by all citizens?
Valerio-Horatian Laws
What political office, two of whom accompanied consuls in battle as quartermasters, the other two of whom stayed in the city to keep the public treasury and records, were founded just a couple years after the creation of the Comitia Tributa?
Quaestors
As what scribes, secretaries, accountants, and other skilled aids were the quaestors probably originally classed?
Apparitores
Fighting against the wishes of Appius Claudius, what law of 445 BCE rescinded the ban on intermarriage between patricians and plebeians?
Lex Canuleia
In 445 BCE, the patricians agreed to create what new office with consular power (imperium consulare)?
Military Tribune
What restrictions did a Military Tribune have that a Consul did not?
Could not celebrate a triumph; could not become a senator after their term
What new office of 444 BCE was elected every 5 years for 18 months?
Censors
What Roman office, perhaps more feared and respected than the consuls themselves despite the lack of imperium and fasces, registered citizens’ land, voting rights, and tax and military liability?
Censors
What law of 367 BCE allowed for one of the two consuls to be plebeian after abolishing the office of military tribune
Lex Licinia Sextia
While the Lex Licinia Sextia allowed for one consul to be plebeian, what other law of 342 BCE required a consul to be plebeian?
Lex Genucia
What law of either 326 or 313 BCE limited the circumstances with which debt servitude could happen so much that the practice eventually disappeared?
Lex Poetilia
What was the official title of the original praetor who essentially served as a consul should either be absent?
Praetor Urbanus
In 244 BCE, a second praetor by what name was created in order to maintain Roman authority among foreign people?
Praetor Peregrinus
What man became the first plebeian dictator in 356 BCE then the first plebeian censor in 351 BCE?
Marcus Rutilius
What law of 339 BCE required that one censor must be plebeian?
Lex Publilia
What law of 300 BCE required certain priesthoods to include plebeians among their ranks?
Lex Ogulnia
What law (somewhere between 339 and 318 BCE) instituted automatic lifetime admission into the senate for any ex-magistrates worth more than 100,000 asses (the coin not the donkey)
Lex Ovinia
What dictator decreed that one of the censors must be plebeian in 339 BCE?
Publilius Philo
What man published a guidebook of legal procedures to educate the average Roman citizen on the legal process in 304 BCE?
Gnaeus Flavius
In 300 BCE, what man passed a law that guaranteed a right of appeal (provocatio) to anyone sentenced to death or whipping?
M. Valerius Maximus
In what year was the final secession of the plebs?
287 BCE
In 287 BCE, following the tedious Samnite Wars, the plebeians, for the final time, seceded to what hill?
Janiculum
In 287 BCE, what plebeian was appointed dictator in order to deal with the ongoing secession of the plebeians?
Q. Hortensius
Because voting was done by moving from one side of the room or another, what name was given to men of lower ranks as they could only ever vote “with their feet”?
Pedarii
