The role of local authorities in the governance for sustainable development

Question 1

when was sustainable development first addressed?

Answer 1

The world Commission on Environment and Development Report “Our common furture” (1987)

Question 2

5 key elements of “our common future”

Answer 2

1. meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations
2. recognition of planetary boundaries and limits
3. holistic and proactive approach
4. responsibility with governments
5. economical and ecological sustainability

Question 3

Milestones of Sustinability

Answer 3

1992: Rio Conference/Earth Summit
1997: Kyoto Protocol
2000: MDGs
2001: Marrakesh ACcords
2007: Bali Road Map
2015: Paris Agreement

Question 4

result of Rio +10 /Earth summit

Answer 4

recognition of SD as an overarching goal for isntitutions at the national, regional and international level

Question 5

Circles of Sustainability

Answer 5

Economics, Ecology, Culture, Politics

Question 6

number of SDGs

Answer 6

17

Question 7

factors that give rise to a growing demand for governance

Answer 7

1. government failures (counterpart to market failures)
2. governments are too slow
3. governmenets lack discipline (sieze opportunities)
4. political parties/leaders motivation to maximize chances of election
5. corruption
6. abuse of power
7. accountability

Question 8

What can we do to addreress the paradox of rising demnad for governnace and waining confidence in governments?

Answer 8

Governance without government:
1. private governance (codes of conduct, vluntary greenhouse gas markets)
2. civil society (approaches bypassing governments)

Question 9

paradox

Answer 9

rising demand for governance but waining confidence in government

Question 10

hybrid systems that meet the demand for governance for SD

Answer 10

3. co-management
4. eco-labeling systems
5. negotiated agreements
6. public voluntary programs

Question 11

def. public voluntary programs

Answer 11

government offers technical assistance and positive publicity to companies reaching environmental goals

Question 12

def. negotiated agreements

Answer 12

firms and regulators bargain over the frame and the pollution-reduction targets

Question 13

def. co-management

Answer 13

collaboration between state agencies and communities

Question 14

def. eco-labeling systems

Answer 14

engagement of corporations, NGOs, and governments

Question 15

result of hybrid systems for SD

Answer 15

alternative and innovative instiutional forms
no single agent possesses power
multilateral organizations (reframing of SD agenda)
inclusion of more social actors - crisis of representative democracy
capacity building for policy design

Question 16

Local Agenda 21 to transnational municipal networks

Answer 16

voluntary programm of community consultation for sustainable development

local authorities should implement and monitor programmes aimed to include women and youth in decision-making, planning and implementation processes

Question 17

ICLEI

Answer 17

The international council for local environmental iniative (ICLEI)

local and regional governments make network