The Retroperiteneum

Question 1

Name all the retroperiteneum organs?

Answer 1

Question 2

What is a primary and secoondary retroperitoneal structure?

Give examples for each

Answer 2

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

What happens in part 1 to 4 in the image below?

Answer 4

Question 5

ascending and descending colon

Answer 5

Question 6

Answer 6

Question 7

Tail of the pancreas

Answer 7

Question 8

Answer 8

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

Note the relations of both kidneys, remembering that the ……… is anterior to the upper part of the R kidney and the …………….. to the lower part of the L kidney

Answer 12

Note the relations of both kidneys, remembering that the liver is anterior to the upper part of the R kidney and the jejunum to the lower part of the L kidney

Question 13

Visceral relations of the kidney

• Adrenal glands on both sides
• Liver on the ………..
• 2nd part of duodenum on the ………
• Ascending colon on the ………..
• Descending colon and stomach on the ……….
• Spleen on the ……….
• Tail of pancreas on the ……….
• Coils of small bowel especially on the ……….

Answer 13

Visceral relations of the kidney

• Adrenal glands on both sides
• Liver on the right
• 2nd part of duodenum on the right
• Ascending colon on the right
• Descending colon and stomach on the left
• Spleen on the left
• Tail of pancreas on the left
• Coils of small bowel especially on the left

Question 14

Answer 14

Question 15

Kidney Position

• Right often lower than left
• Upper poles closer to median plane than lower poles
• 12th ribs run diagonally across posterior surfaces of kidneys
• Ureters descend vertically, anterior to lumbar transverse processes
• Ureter narrows at 3 places: Name them

Answer 15

Kidney Position

• Right often lower than left
• Upper poles closer to median plane than lower poles
• 12th ribs run diagonally across posterior surfaces of kidneys
• Ureters descend vertically, anterior to lumbar transverse processes
• Ureter narrows at 3 places: 1) ureteropelvic junction, 2) at pelvic brim (common iliac vessels cross) 3) Entrance of urinary bladder

Question 16

Posterior Relations of Kidneys

• Lie on the diaphragm, psoas, quadratus lumborum & transversus abdominis muscles
• Between kidneys and muscles cross the T12 (subcostal) and L1 (ilio-hypogastric and ilio-inguinal) nerves
• A posterior approach to the kidneys is used for open surgery and for renal biopsy

Answer 16