The Gut and the Peritoneal Cavity Flashcards
Boundries
The abdomen extends from the ……………. …………… ………….. to the …………… …………..
The pelvis extends from the …………… ………….. to the …………… …………..
The perineum is inferior to the …………… …………..
Boundries
The abdomen extends from the inferior thoracic aperture to the pelvic inlet
The pelvis extends from the pelvic inlet to the pelvic floor
The perineum is inferior to the pelvic floor

State the devisions of the Gi tract and state where they start and end?



What is the peritoneum?
Draw a diagram showing the peritoneum?

What is the peritoneal cavity?
•Components of the GI tract are suspended in peritoneal reflections – ……………………….
•Components of the GI tract are suspended in peritoneal reflections – MESENTERIES.

What are mesenteries?

Visceral peritoneum surrounding the …………………
Parietal peritoneum lines the ……………….. ………………….
The ………….. ……….. has a dorsal mesentry
The …………. also has a ventral mesentry
Mesenteries – peritoneal folds attaching viscera to the abdominal wall
They contain the vessels, nerves and lymphatics that supply the viscera
Two types of peritoneum can be defined by the presence of abdominal organs
Visceral peritoneum surrounding the viscera
Parietal peritoneum lines the abdomainl cavity.
The entire gut has a dorsal mesentry
The foregut also has a ventral mesentry

The gut tube originates from the …………….. and ………………. mesoderm (splanchnic Gr.= pertaining to visceral organ)
It is suspended from the posterior abdominal wall by a peritoneal fold – the ……………. …………….
The gut tube originates from the endoderm and splanchnic mesoderm (splanchnic Gr.= pertaining to visceral organ)
It is suspended from the posterior abdominal wall by a peritoneal fold – the dorsal mesentery

INTRAperitoneal vs. RETROperitoneal
Define the two terms above?
Give examples for each?



What are 1o retroperitoneal organs and name a few?

State which part of the following are retroperitoneal organs?
Duodenum
–Pancreas
–Colon
–Duodenum (except the first part) *
–Pancreas (tail is INTRAperitoneal) *
–Colon (ascending and descending only)*

•The ENTIRE gut tube is suspended from a ………….. mesentery
•
•In addition, the FOREGUT has a ……………… mesentery
•The ENTIRE gut tube is suspended from a DORSAL mesentery
•
•In addition, the FOREGUT has a VENTRAL mesentery



The foregut also has a ventral mesentery containing the liver, which splits it into the …………. ………………and the …………. ………………
The foregut also has a ventral mesentery containing the liver, which splits it into the falciform ligament and the lesser omentum

Describe the formation of the lesser sac?




The lower part of the dorsal foregut mesentery extends down as a double fold called the …………… ……………… (= apron) anterior to the intestine.
The …………… …………….. is part of the ventral foregut mesentery.
The lower part of the dorsal foregut mesentery extends down as a double fold called the greater omentum (= apron) anterior to the intestine.
The lesser omentum is part of the ventral foregut mesentery.

The portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct run between the posterior abdominal wall and liver within the …………… ……………….. near its ………. …………... This free edge is present because the ………. ………….. ends at the start of the midgut.
The portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct run between the posterior abdominal wall and liver within the lesser omentum near its free edge. This free edge is present because the ventral mesentery ends at the start of the midgut.





The liver splits the ventral foregut mesentry into two:
Name them?
The liver splits the ventral foregut mesentry into two:
Falciform ligament
Lesser omentum

The spleen splits the dorsal foregut mesentry into two
name them

The spleen splits the dorsal foregut mesentry into two
Gastrosplenic ligament
Splenorenal ligament

Omental Bursa
This results in a little pocket of peritoneal cavity being formed called the lesser sac (omental bursa)
It is situated ……………… the stomach and liver.
The rest of peritoneal cavity becomes the …………… ………..
The only connection between the greater and lesser sac is the …………….. …………. which is located under the lesser omentum
Omental Bursa
This results in a little pocket of peritoneal cavity being formed called the lesser sac (omental bursa)
It is situated behind the stomach and liver.
The rest of peritoneal cavity becomes the greater sac
The only connection between the greater and lesser sac is the omental foramen which is located under the lesser omentum

The lesser omentum can be considered as made up of two ligaments
name them
Near the inferior end of the lesser omentum, three vessels run in what is known as the portal triad
name them

Lesser Omentum
The lesser omentum can be considered as made up of two ligaments
Hepatogastric
Hepatoduodenal
Near the inferior end of the lesser omentum, three vessels run in what is known as the portal triad
Common bile duct
Portal vein
Hepatic artery















































