The Respiratory System Diseases/Conditions

Question 1

Intermittent sounds caused by exudates, spasms, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture-filled alveole

Answer 1

crackle

Question 2

Continuous sound heard during inspiration and expiration caused by secretions in the larger airway and more commonly resembling snoring

Answer 2

Rhonchus

Question 3

High-pitched, harsh sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway

Answer 3

Stridor

Question 4

Whistling or sighing that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway

Answer 4

Wheeze

Question 5

Excessive acidity of body fluids

Answer 5

Acidosis

Question 6

Absence of the sense of smell

Answer 6

Anosmia

Question 7

Disorder in which breathing stops repeatedly during sleep, resulting in blood deoxygenation, causing the patient to awaken, gasping for air

Answer 7

Apnea

Question 8

A form of sleep apnea that occurs when the brain fails to stimulate breathing muscles, causing brief pauses in breathing

Answer 8

Central apnea (CSA)

Question 9

Most common form of sleep apnea caused by an upper airway blockage that prevents an adequate flow of air to the lungs

Answer 9

Obstructive Apnea (OSA)

Question 10

Type of sleep apnea that occurs when CSA and OSA occur simultaneously

Answer 10

Mixed apnea

Question 11

Collapsed or airless state of lung, which may be acute or chronic and affects all or part of a lung

Answer 11

Atelectasis

Question 12

Acute inflammation of the membranes of the nose

Answer 12

Coryza

Question 13

Common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchial passages and sometimes involving the lungs

Answer 13

Croup

Question 14

Life-threatening genetic disease causing mucus to become unusually thick and sticky, plugging tubes and ducts, especially in the lungs and pancreas

Answer 14

Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

Question 15

Displacement of cartilage dividing the nostrils that cause reduced airflow and sometimes causes nosebleeds

Answer 15

Deviated Nasal Septum

Question 16

Severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occurs most commonly in children between ages 2-12 years.

Answer 16

Epiglottitis

Question 17

Nasal hemorrhage (nosebleed)

Answer 17

Epistaxis

Question 18

Oxygen deficiency in arterial blood, which is usually a sign of respiratory impairment and commonly causes hypoxia

Answer 18

Hypoxemia

Question 19

Oxygen deficiency in the body or a region of the body that commonly causes cyanosis

Answer 19

Hypoxia

Question 20

Acute, contagious, viral disorder of the respiratory tract, characterized by weakness, fever, chills, and muscle pain, especially in the back, arms, and legs

Answer 20

Influenza

Question 21

Acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a characteristic “whoop!” sound; also called whooping cough

Answer 21

Pertussis

Question 22

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity that impairs breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs

Answer 22

Pleural effusion

Question 23

Exudative effusion characterized by collection of pus in the pleural cavity, commonly as a result of bacterial pneumonia that spreads from the lungs

Answer 23

empyema pleural effusion

Question 24

Presence of air in the pleural cavity, commonly caused by a blunt or penetrating chest injury or as the result of a thoracic surgery

Answer 24

Pneumothorax

Question 25

Inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing

Answer 25

pleurisy

Question 26

Accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissues and alveoli, most commonly caused by heart failure

Answer 26

Pulmonary Edema

Question 27

Blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved matter (such as a blood clot, tissue, air bubbles, bacteria) that has traveled to the lungs from another part of the body

Answer 27

Pulmonary Embolism

Question 28

Completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal, healthy infant, usually less than age 12 months

Answer 28

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Question 29

Potentially fatal contagious disease spread through respiratory droplets, affecting any organ of the body but primarily the lungs and causing chest pain, hemoptysis, weight loss, fatigue, and night sweats

Answer 29

Tuberculosis