The Respiratory System

Question 1

Where are the lungs located?

Answer 1

The right and left lungs are located in the thorax

Question 2

What is the function of the lungs?

Answer 2

The function of the lungs is to take in oxygen from the air and remove carbon dioxide from the body to the air.

Question 3

Where dose oxygen enter the body during inhalation?

Answer 3

Alveoli (air sacs).

Question 4

How does air pass through the respiratory tract?

Answer 4

Air enters the body through the following structures during inhalation

• Nose and mouth
• Pharynx (throat)
• Larynx (voice box)
• Trachea (wind pipe)
• Primary bronchi (right and left)
• Bronchioles
• Alveoli (air sacs)

Question 5

What are the main muscles involved in breathing?

Answer 5

• Diaphragm
• Intercostal muscles.

Question 6

What is inspiration?

Answer 6

Inhalation, drawing air into the lungs.

Question 7

What is expiration?

Answer 7

Exhalation, expelling air out of the lungs.

Question 8

What are the alveoli?

Answer 8

Alveoli are tiny sacs within our lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream.

Question 9

What is gaseous exchange?

Answer 9

Is the process that allows oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream.

Question 10

Where dose gaseous exchange take place?

Answer 10

It occurs in the lungs between the alveoli and a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries, which are located in the walls of the alveoli.

Question 11

Explain the process of gaseous exchange?

Answer 11

Gaseous exchange occurs through a process called diffusion. When a person inhales, oxygen moves from the alveoli to the surrounding capillaries where it diffuses into the bloodstream. At the same time, carbon dioxide moves from the bloodstream to the capillaries and diffuses into the alveoli.

Question 12

What is diffusion?

Answer 12

Diffusion is the movement of a gas from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Question 13

How dose exercise affect the respiratory system short-term?

Answer 13

During exercise tidal volume increases; more air is inhaled and exhaled and breathing rate increases.

Question 14

How dose exercise affect the respiratory system long-term?

Answer 14

Capillary beds surrounding the alveoli increases allowing greater potential for gaseous exchange. The respiratory muscles also become stronger, assisting inspiration and expiration during exercise.

Question 15

What is costal breathing?

Answer 15

Costal breathing is a shallow pattern of breathing through the chest and involves the contraction of the external intercostal muscle.

Question 16

What is lateral thoracic breathing?

Answer 16

Lateral thoracic breathing encourages the side and back of the ribcage to expand during inhalation to maximise the expansion and use the lower lungs.

Question 17

What is diaphragmatic breathing?

Answer 17

Diaphragmatic breathing is a deeper method of breathing with the abdomen encouraged to rise and fall by the contraction and lowering of the diaphragm.

Question 18

Which exercise discipline uses lateral thoracic breathing?

Answer 18

Pilates