The Reproductive System Flashcards
What causes growth of the endometrial lining during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle?
Estrogen
Why are estrogen levels high during the luteal phase?
High levels promote vascularization and glandularization of the endometrial lining tissue.
What can too high of levels of estrogen negatively promote?
Excessive levels of estrogen may provide a strong enough signal for cell growth to promote tumor formation, or even cancer located on the endometrium.
What tissues require estrogen for development?
Fallopian tube, Cervix and Vagina
Upon ovulation, where is the oocyte released?
Into the abdominal cavity.
How does a oocyte travel once the ovarian follicle is ruptured?
It enters the abdominal cavity first. Second, with the help of beating cilia, it enters the fallopian tube and then travels to the uterus.
What happens at the epididymis in the male reproductive system?
This is the site of sperm maturation at the posterior side of the testis. Through this process, sperm gains mobility and is stored until ejaculation.
What is the function of Vas deferens?
It is the ductus deferens that is surrounded by muscled that raises and lowers the testis to maintain a constant temperature suitable for sperm production.
What is the function of Cowper’s glands?
It produces a a thick, clear fluid/mucus prior to ejaculation. This clears traces of urine in the urethra.
What is the function of Seminal Vesicles?
These produce alkaline fructose-containing secretions.
During which phase of the menstrual cycle does progesterone concentration peak?
Luteal phase.
Are progesterone levels high or low during the follicular and ovulation phases?
Low.
What does the withdrawal of progesterone cause during the menstrual cycle?
Menses.
Are hCG levels high or low during the first trimester of pregnancy?
High.
Are levels of progesterone high or low during pregnancy?
High.
