Classification and Structure of Prokaryotic Cells

Question 1

What type of organism cannot survive in the presence of oxygen?

Answer 1

Obligate anaerobic bacteria.

Question 2

What type organism can grow without oxygen but able to us it if present?

Answer 2

Facultative anaerobic bacteria.

Question 3

What type of organism cannot use oxygen for growth but can tolerate it?

Answer 3

Aerotolerant anaerobic bacteria.

Question 4

What type of organism requires oxygen for growth in order to obtain energy?

Answer 4

Obligate aerobic bacteria.

Question 5

What is the difference between an aerobic and anaerobic organism?

Answer 5

• Aerobic organism can survive, grow or possibly require an oxygenated environment.
• Anaerobic organism is one that does not require oxygen for growth or possibly dies in the presence of it.

Question 6

What are differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Answer 6

1. Prokaryotes do NOT have a nucleus while eukaryotes do.
2. Prokaryote’s weight of ribosomal subunits = 30S & 50S
   Eukaryote’s weight of ribosomal subunits = 40S & 60S
3. Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles while eukaryotes do.

Question 7

What feature does prokaryotes and eukaryotes share?

Answer 7

Both have the presence of a membrane on the outside of their cells.

Question 8

What are prions?

Answer 8

Infectious proteins that cause misfolding of other proteins. They cause a shift towards beta-pleated sheet confirmation.
Ex: Very similar to infectious protein for Alzheimer’s disease.

Question 9

What are viroids?

Answer 9

Infectious pathogens composed of a short strand of circular single-stranded RNA with NO protein coating that are ONLY capable of infection PLANTS.