The reintroduction of Roman Catholicism Flashcards
What did Mary’s initial popularity spring from?
From people’s dislike for Northumberland and a respect for the legitimate succession.
What were the major causes of Mary’s widespread unpopularity by the end of her reign?
-Religious persecution.
-The return to papal authority.
-The Spanish marriage.
What did an end to papal authority also mean an end to?
Royal supremacy, which was strongly supported by the ruling and landing elites.
What did 800 strongly committed Protestant clergy and gentry do when Mary came to power?
Left the country and spent the remainder of her reign on the continent.
How many Protestants were executed during her reign?
274.
What did the 1553 first Statute of Repeal do?
Swept away all religious legislation approved by Parliament during the reign of Edward VI, and the doctrine of the Church of England was restored to what it had been in 1547 under the Act of Six Articles.
What policies did Gardiner make?
The Bishops of Gloucester, Hereford, Lincoln, Rochester and the Archbishop of York were deprived oh their Bishoprics, and were replaced by committed Catholics.
In March 1554 all bishops were instructed to enforce all the religious legislation of the last year of VIII’s reign - no clerical marriage or clergy would lose their parishes.
What did the second Statute of Repeal 1554 do?
- Ended the royal supremacy.
- Returned England to papal authority by repealing all religious changes approved since 1529.
What was the Property Act 1554?
Mary had to compromise with the landowners to pass the second Statute of Repeal.
Act protected the property rights of all those who had bought church land since 1536. This demonstrates that Mary had to recognise the authority of Parliament over religious matters. Also prevents the restoration of catholicism as she couldn’t restore the monasteries.
What was the Synod’s approval of the Twelve Decrees 1555?
All parish priests had to be within their parishes, which stopped priests from having more than one church and nepotism.
What royal injunctions did Mary create after her succession?
Suspends the Second Act of Uniformity and reinstated Catholic masses. Also restores Holy Days and processions, prevents the marriage of clergy.
What were the main reasons for the failings in the Marian religious policy?
- New Pope was unfamiliar with England and he also opposed Cardinal Pole, due to his dislike for the Habsburgs. Pope stripped Pole of his title, meaning Pole couldn’t appoint Bishops so 6 Bishoprics were left vacant.
- Didn’t get to grips with administrative pamphlets.
- Didn’t seize propaganda opportunities - 1554 Sir John Cheke, Edward’s tutor recants.
