The Reign of Henry VII Flashcards
What were Henry VII’s reign dates? (2)
- 1485-1509
After which battle and on what date did Henry VII become king? (2)
- Battle of Bosworth & 22nd August 1485
What was Henry’s title before he was King? (1)
- Earl of Richmond
What were Henry’s main ambitions on becoming King? (6)
- Secure his position on the throne (1)
- Increase England’s prestige abroad (1)
- Repair England’s reputation after… (1)
… the disastrous losses in the 100 Years War (1337-1453) against France (2)
… and the civil wars known as the Wars of the Roses (1455-1485) (2)
On becoming King how did Henry ‘secure’ the throne? (6)
- He married a rival (Elizabeth of York in 1486)
- He made sure everyone knew who he was
- He banned private armies
- He made sure he had the best weapons
- He forced people to give him money
- He made sensible foreign policies.
Why was marrying Elizabeth of York important? (2)
- He united the two houses of York & Lancaster (1) who had been at war with each other for over 30 years in the Wars of the Roses (1)
How did he make sure everyone knew who he was? (3)
- He spent lots of money on lavish parties and entertainment.
- He brought back royal progresses
- He created the Tudor Rose which appeared on buildings, coins & pamphlets.
What is propaganda? (2)
- Information, especially of a biased or misleading nature (1), used to promote a political cause or point of view (1).
In what way could the Tudor Rose be considered propaganda? (3)
By combining both the Lancastrian red rose, and the York white rose, (1) Henry promoted an image of unity (1), at the time when the country was still divided after civil war. (1)
How did he make sure he had the best weapons? (3)
- Canons first appeared in Britain in the 1300s.
- They were the most destructive and feared weapon.
- He spent a lot of money to make sure he had the best and could therefore control the castles of the nobility.
How did he enact sensible Foreign Policy? (2 marks per policy)
- Henry got parliament to support him in giving him money for wars against the French that he never fought and the French gave him money not to fight (Treaty of Etaples 1492) (2)
- He made his eldest son, Arthur, marry the Spanish princess Catherine of Aragon – Treaty of Medina del Campo 1489. (2)
- His daughter, Margaret Tudor married King James IV of Scotland following the Treaty of Ayton (1503). (2)
Why did Henry support the Treaty of Ayton in 1503? (2)
- Henry hoped vainly to heal the old hostility between the two countries (1) and replace it with a friendly alliance, although this was hopeful (1).
How did he force people to give him money? (3)
- Henry fined lawbreakers and rebels very heavily (1) e.g. the Earl of Oxford was fined £15,000 (1) for keeping private soldiers by the Court of Starchamber. (1)
Who did Henry appoint to raise money for him by whatever means? (2)
- Empson & Dudley
What were Empson and Dudley’s nicknames?
The ‘ravening wolves’.
