The Reformation*

Question 1

1. A key difference between the Roman Catholic Church and the churches of the Protestant Reformation was that

Answer 1

Unlike Catholics, Protestants believed that the Bible should be read in a local vernacular instead of Latin

Question 2

2. In which of the following nations was the success of the Reformation the result of the head of state, rather than the people of the nation?

Answer 2

England

Question 3

3. Which of the following most aided in the spread of the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 3

The dissemination (distribution) of printed materials

Question 4

4. Which of the following was a primary concern of Martin Luther?

Answer 4

The worldliness of the Roman Catholic Church

Question 5

5. In which of the following areas did Lutheranism achieve great success?

Answer 5

Saxony

Question 6

6. The Treaty of Augsburg divided

Answer 6

Germany into Catholic and Protestant states

Question 7

7. Which of the following was a point of conflict between the papacy and European monarchs in the time BEFORE the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 7

The appointment of church officials by secular leaders

Question 8

8. Which best describes Europe AFTER the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 8

Fractured and arguable

Question 9

9. Which Reformation leader brought the movement to Switzerland, calling for a return to personal faith and publicly acknowledging Roman Catholic Church abuses, despite the fact that he, himself was a Roman Catholic priest?

Answer 9

Huldrych Zwingli

Question 10

10. Which of the following general tenants of Protestantism is most influenced by humanism?

Answer 10

The belief that individuals should read the bible in their vernacular

Question 11

11. The Council of Trent played an influential role in the development of

Answer 11

The Counter-Reformation

Question 12

12. All of the following were leaders of the Protestant Reformation EXCEPT

Answer 12

Ignatius of Loyala

Question 13

13. How did the teachings of John Calvin differ from those of Martin Luther and the Roman Catholic Church.

Answer 13

Calvin believed in the doctrine of predestination

Question 14

14. Before the Reformation, which group would have been MOST disdainful of the Roman Catholic Church?

Answer 14

Landed nobles

Question 15

15. Which of the following groups was created in response to the spread of Protestantism?

Answer 15

Jesuits

Question 16

16. The Society of Jesus was founded by

Answer 16

Catholics in order to strengthen Catholicism through conversion and education

Question 17

17. Which of the following was NOT the result of the Protestant Reformation

Answer 17

A general acceptance of religious tolerance and freedom of religion

Question 18

18. How did the Roman Catholic Church play an important role in the development of the Renaissance?

Answer 18

Artists like Michelangelo were patronized by the Roman Catholic Church

Question 19

19. In the 1500s religious wars broke out in all of the following countries EXCEPT

Answer 19

Italy

Question 20

20. John Calvin advocated a theocratic structure of governing which of the following cities

Answer 20

Geneva

Question 21

21. What circumstances ignited the Protestant Reformation in Germany?

Answer 21

The Reformation begun in 1517, when Martin Luther, a German monk and university professor, posted his ninety-five theses on the door of the castle church in Wittenberg. Luther argued that the church had to be reformed. The corruption of the RCC, the selling of Indulgences and the Black plague are all circumstances that ignited the Protestant Reformation in Germany.

Question 21

22. How and why did the Protestant Reformation eventually reach England?

Answer 21

The Protestant Reformation eventually reached England because King Henry the VIII wanted to divorce his old wife and because he wanted a heir. The RCC said that he cant divorce his wife so he started his own religion that would allow him to divorce, The Church of England. This led to people in England to step away from the RCC and opening up to knew religious ideas. As well as the invention of the mechanized printing press, which allowed religious ideas and Bible translations to circulate widely. The desire of many people to read the Bible in the language they spoke at home rather than in Latin.

Question 22

23. Explain the Roman Catholic Church’s response to the Reformation? Explain the outcomes of the Council of Trent.

Answer 22

The council strove to define the doctrine of the Catholic Church and answer the arguments of members of the Protestant faith, who held that individuals could be in charge of their own faith apart from the clergy. In order to strengthen the role of the clergy, both discipline and education of clergy were increased.