The redox reation and energy carriers Flashcards
What is an oxidation
- involves the transfer of an electron from a molecule, one is oxidized, one is reduced
- cannot occur without a cooresponding reduction
explain redox reaction
- normally requires the presence of a coenzyme
what do the terms reduction and oxidation refer to
- transfer of electrons
- hydrogen atoms
- oxygen atoms
define oxidation
describes a substance that either
- loses one or more electrons
- gains one or more oxygen atoms
- loses one or more hydrogen atoms
define reduction
- gains one or more electron
- gains one or more hydrogen atom
- loses one or more oxygen atom
What is a reducing agent
the substance that provides the electron in the redox reaction
what is a oxidation agent
the substance that accepts the electron in the redox reaction
what happens in most biological reactions
a series of redox reactions involves the movement of a proton along with the movement of electrons
What is the memory trick to remember the redox reaction
L - lose
E - electrons
O - oxidize
says
G - gain
E - electrons
R - reduction
What happens in SOME biological reaction
a series of redox reactions occur in which the product of one redox reaction is the reactant in the next redox reaction
what types of bonds do organic fuel molecules contain
C-H bonds
Why are C-H bonds a good energy source
they have a small nuclei and electrons have a weaker pull towards the small nuclei
what if the nuclei is larger
electrons in C-H bonds pull easier and this process releases energy
what happens if the valence shell is stable
less potential energy those electrons have
what happens if the valence shells are less stable
more potential energy those electrons have
oxygen is…
GREEDY
- other elements are pulled more toward the nuclei
what is controlled oxidaiton
in cells controlled by a series of enzyme meditated reaction - energy is released and transfer to the next step
What is rapid combustion
all energy given off at once cannot be easily harnessed to drive a metibolic reaction
what happens in the oxidation of glucose
results in a transfer of electrons to O2
- this reaction produces CO2, H2O, and releases energy
- enzyme dehydrogenases is used
explain energy carriers
- the transfers of high-energy electron from food to molecules that act like energy carriers
- very high efficiency, litter energy is lost to heat
- used a lot in the electron transport chain
