The real stuff

Question 1

what is the method for the scientific approach?

Answer 1

make observation
hypothesis
design experiment
analyze data 
accept or reject hypothesis

Question 2

What are the types of variables?

Answer 2

independent

dependent

Question 3

what is an independent variable?

Answer 3

a variable you control

Question 4

what is a dependent variable?

Answer 4

a variable you measure

Question 5

what is a hypothesis?

Answer 5

a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.

Question 6

what are the SI units?

Answer 6

length - meter
mass kg
time s
electric current ampere A
thermodynamics K
amount of substance mol
luminosity candelle

Question 7

where are electrons located and what is their charge?

Answer 7

electron is located outside the nucleus and has a negative charge

Question 8

what is an isotope?

Answer 8

having the same number of protons but different neutrons

Question 9

what are protons?

Answer 9

positive charges electrons found in the nucleus

Question 10

what element undergo radioactivity?

Answer 10

the super large ones

Question 11

what is an alpha particle?

Answer 11

4 2 helium

Question 12

what is a beta particle?

Answer 12

-1

Question 13

what are valence electrons?

Answer 13

the highest energy level

Question 14

what is the lowest state?

Answer 14

the ground state

Question 15

what is a covalent bond?

Answer 15

sharing

Question 16

what is an ionic bond?

Answer 16

bonding of one negative and one positive ion

Question 17

what kinds of elements have covalent bonds?

Answer 17

non metal elements,

Question 18

what are cations and anions?

Answer 18

cat= pos

anion-negative

Question 19

what is isolectric?

Answer 19

they have the same number of electrons in the outer shells

Question 20

what are polar bonds?

Answer 20

when one electron attracts another more strongly

Question 21

what is the most electronegative element?

Answer 21

flourine

Question 22

which elements share equally?

Answer 22

elements with close electronegtaiy

Question 23

what are isomers?

Answer 23

compounds with the same formula but different structures

Question 24

how does structure relate to boiling point?

Answer 24

straighter the higher the boiling point, and longer the chain

Question 25

what is the specific heat capacity?

Answer 25

amount of heat needed to change 1 gram by 1 degree celcius

Question 26

what is molar heat capacity?

Answer 26

the amount of heat needed to raise that temp by 1 degree celcius of one mole

Question 27

what is sublimation?

Answer 27

sublimation

Question 28

what is a gas to a solid?

Answer 28

deposition

Question 29

what is the ideal gas equation?

Answer 29

pV=nRT

Question 30

what does charles law deal with?

Answer 30

absolute temperature

Question 31

what is a solvent?

Answer 31

what is a solute is dissolved in

Question 32

how can concentration be expressed?

Answer 32

molality or molarity

Question 33

what re the cools for litmus paper?

Answer 33

acid - red neutral- grey basic- blue

Question 34

what makes a strong electrolyte?

Answer 34

a strong acid

Question 35

what is a polyprotic acid?

Answer 35

one that doesn't easily break

Question 36

how can you tell is an element is being oxidized?

Answer 36

the number increase OILRIG

Question 37

describe an endothermic reaction?

Answer 37

reactions + heat= products

Question 38

what is ∆ H

Answer 38

enthalpy

Question 39

what happen when ∆ H is negative?

Answer 39

reaction is exothermic

Question 40

what happens when ∆ is positive?

Answer 40

reaction is endothermic

Question 41

what is the first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 41

The first law, also known as Law of Conservation of Energy, states that energy can not be created or destroyed; it can only be redistributed or changed from one form to another. The second law of thermodynamics says that the entropy of any isolated system not in thermal equilibrium almost always increases. The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a system approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches zero.

Question 42

what si the gibbs free energy equation?

Answer 42

∆G=∆H-T∆S

Question 43

what happens if ∆G is negative?

Answer 43

proceeds spontaneously

Question 44

what happens if ∆G is positive?

Answer 44

does not proceed

Question 45

what happens if ∆G is neutral?

Answer 45

at equilibrium

Question 46

what does ∆H, ∆G, and ∆S measure

Answer 46

∆H- heat ∆G- reactivity ∆S- disorder