the reactivity series Flashcards
what is the order of the reactivity series?
potassium sodium calcium magnesium aluminium zinc iron tin lead copper silver gold
what metals tarnish in cold air?
potassium to silver
what metals burn and form oxide when heated in air?
potassium to iron
what metals form oxide when heated in air?
tin to copper
what metal oxides are white?
potassium to zinc
what metal oxides are brown?
iron and silver
what metal oxides are black?
tin and copper
what metal oxide is yellow?
lead
what metals explode in dilute acid?
potassium and sodium
what metals make hydrogen and metal chloride/sulfate in dilute acid?
calcium to tin
what metals are oxidised by nitric acid?
lead to gold
what metal has a purple flame when reacted with cold water?
potassium
what metal fizzes when reacted with cold water?
sodium
what metal bubbles when reacted with cold water?
calcium
what metals forms hydrogen and alkaline hydroxide with cold water?
potassium to calcium
what metal reacts slowly with water?
magnesium
what metals form hydrogen and metal oxide when heated in steam?
magnesium to iron
what metal doesn’t react with cold air?
gold
what metals don’t react when heated in air?
silver and gold
what metals don’t react with cold water?
aluminium to gold
what metals don’t react when heated in steam?
tin to gold
why does aluminium act like its nonreactive?
it has a thin layer of oxide that acts like a barrier
what is oxidation?
the gain of oxygen and loss of electrons
what is reduction?
the loss of oxygen and gain of electrons
what does the oxidising agent do?
provides oxygen and gets reduced
what does the reducing agent do?
gets oxidised
what does iron need to rust?
water and oxygen
what speeds up the iron’s rusting?
salt
why does boiled water prevent rusting?
there’s no oxygen in boiled water
why does oil and paint prevent rusting?
they stop oxygen from entering
why does cobalt chloride prevent rusting?
it dries out the air
what methods prevent rusting?
painting, oiling and galvanising
what is galvanising?
zinc acts as a sacrificial metal by preventing air and water from reaching the iron/steel
how does oil and paint prevent rusting?
they act as a barrier for air and water
where is carbon in the reactivity series?
between aluminium and zinc
where is hydrogen in the reactivity series?
between lead and copper
with which metals does air react with and have a typical equation?
magnesium to zinc and copper
with which metals does dilute acid react with and have a typical equation?
calcium to iron
which metals react with hydrochloric acids when reacting with dilute acids?
calcium, aluminium and iron
which metals react with sulfuric acids when reacting with dilute acids?
magnesium and zinc
with which metals does water react with and have a typical equation?
potassium to iron except aluminium
