The Properties of Water Are Critical to the Chemistry of Life Flashcards
Why does ice float?
molecules are hydrogen-bonded in a rigid, crystalline structure, the space between molecules is less dense than water
Specific heat
amount of energy needed to raise temperature of 1g of a substance by 1 degree C
Why does water have a high specific heat?
because of hydrogen bonding; it takes a lot of energy to break many hydrogen bonds
Why does ice require a lot of energy to melt?
to break the hydrogen bonds
Heat of vaporization
amount of energy needed to change one gram of a liquid substance to a gas at constant temperature
Cohesion
water molecules stick to each other because of hydrogen bonds
Adhesion
water molecules stick to other molecules
Solution
substance (solute) dissolves in a liquid (solvent)
Ex: salt dissolves in water
What do acids do?
release hydrogen ions (H+) in water
What do bases do?
accept H+ ions
pH
negative log of molar concentration of free H+ ions in a solution
Equation: pH = -log[H+]
Lower pH numbers mean higher H+ concentration (greater acidity). True or False?
True
