The Process Of Science Flashcards
What’s the first step in the Process of Science?
Observations
What’s the second step in the Process of Science?
Hypothesis
What’s the third step in the Process of Science?
Experiment
A scientific hypothesis must be ___ and ___.
Testable & Falsifiable
What are a Prediction & Null Hypothesis?
Prediction: an if/then statement about the outcome of your hypothesis.
Null Hypothesis: a statement that denies the stated hypothesis and prediction.
What is an experiment?
A process to test a hypothesis under controlled conditions.
What is a test group?
Individuals exposed to the experimental variable.
What is a control group?
Individuals not being exposed to the experimental variable.
What is an Independent (experimental) variable?
The variable being tested. (what you manipulate)
What is a dependent (responding) variable?
The variable you expect to vary. (what your measure/record)
What are controlled variables?
Factors being held the same for all groups.
What’s a scientific theory?
An idea (theory) supported by a ton of evidence and by many experiments.
What’s the difference between a Controlled Experiment and an Observational Study?
Controlled Experiments: active manipulation of groups and variables. Highly specific.
Observational Study: All factors observed under autonomous conditions (factors are able to operate as they normally would). Larger in scale.
What’s the difference between Correlation and Causation?
Correlation: Less specific questions.
Causation: More specific questions.
