The Pratice of Treating Cardiovascular Patients Flashcards
Name some of the most common diseases in Cardiology?
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Angina Pectoris
- Myocardial Infarction
- Atrial Fibriliation
- Strokes
What common class of drugs are not used to treat HF?
Calcium Antagonists
What common class of drugs are not used to treat Angina?
Diuretics
What mediactions are initially given to treat chronic HF?
DAB Diuretic ACEi Beta Blocker Spironalactone/epelerone to nearly all
What are ARBs/ACEi replaced by in severe HF?
Sacubitril-Valsartan
What does Sacubitril inhibit?
Neprilysin which degrades BNP and other vasoactive peptides
What is the most common side effect of spironalactone?
Gynocomastea
What is cardiac resynchronisation therapy used to treat?
Long QRS
What are the classifications of drugs which are used to prolong survival of angian pectoris?
All get
- Statin
- Aspirin
- ACEi
- Beta Blocker
What drugs are used to relieve symptoms of angina pectoris?
- Beta blocker
- Calcium antagonist
- Coronary Angioplasty
- Ivabradine
- Ranolazine
How do you differentiate between unstable angina and an MI?
Troponin levels increase in MI
How is a STEMI usually treated?
It is a medical emergancy - Aspirin - Angioplasty (if near hospital) - Thrombolysis (if far away) Aspirin and clopidogrel or ticagrelor Low molecular weight heparin or Fondaparinux Later SAAB
How is unstable angina treated?
- Aspirin and clopidogrel
- Selective use of angioplasty
- ACEi
- Beta Blocker
- Statin
How is atrial fibrilation treated?
- Prevent emboli
- Warfarin/Riveroxaban/NOACs - Control Rate (crucial)
- Beta blocker
- Digoxin - Control Rhytm (seldom done)
DC Cardioversion
Amiodarone if HF
Solatol (II/III) possible
Flecainide (Ic) only if heart structure/function normal
How should a patient be treated if found to have a stroke showing NO haemorrhage on CT scan?
- Emergancy thrombolysis
- Thrombectmy
- Aspirin (acutely for 2 weeks)
Thereafter clopidogrel - ALSO
Statin, ACEi and Indapamide
