The Pharynx Flashcards
what is the pharynx
muscular tube that connects the oral and nasal cavity to the larynx and oesophagus
what are the three parts of the pharynx
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
where is the nasopharynx found
between the base of the skull and the soft palate
what is the function of the nasopharynx
condition inspired air and propagate it into the larynx
what lines the nasopharynx
ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells
where are adenoid tonsils found
posterosuperior nasopharynx
where is the oropharynx located
between the soft palate and the superior border of the epiglottis
what is contained in the oropharynx
- posterior third of the tongue
- lingual tonsils
- palatine tonsils
- superior constrictor muscle
where is the laryngopharynx located
between the superior border of the epiglottis and the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage
which constrictors are found in the laryngopharynx
the middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictors
how does the laryngopharynx communicate with the larynx
via the laryngeal inlet
what is the inferor pharyngeal constrictor split into
the thyropharyngeus and the cricopharyngeus
which nerve innervates the muscles of the pharynx
vagus
what is the exception of the pharynx that is not supplied by the vagus nerve
stylopharyngeus
what supplies the stylopharyngeus
the glossopharyngeal nerve
what muscle type are the pharyngeal constrictors
circular
what are the three pharyngeal constrictors
superior, middle and inferior
where is the superior pharyngeal constrictor found
in the oropharynx
where is the middle pharyngeal constrictor found
the laryngopharynx
where do all of the pharyngeal constrictors insert
the pharyngeal raphe
what are the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx
stylopharyngeus
palatapharyngeus
salpingopharyngeus
what is the function of the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx
shorten and widen the pharynx, elevate the larynx during swallowing
what are the circular muscles of the pharynx
the pharyngeal constrictors
what is the function of the circular muscles of the pharynx
constrict the pharyngeal lumen to propel bolus of food into the oesophagus
what forms the pharyngeal plexus
pharyngeal branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve and the vagus nerve
what provides the sympathetic innervation for the pharynx
superior clavical ganglion
what provides sensory information for the pharynx
the glossopharyngeal nerve
where does the pharyngeal plexus lie
over the middle pharyngeal constrictor
which nerve innervates the nasopharynx
the maxillary nerve
what does the arterial supply of the pharynx arise from
the external carotid artery
what are the branches of the external carotid artery that supply the pharynx
the ascending pharyngeal, facial, lingual and maxillary
how is venous drainage of the pharynx achieved
pharyngeal venous plexus
what does the pharyngeal venous plexus drain into
the jugular vein
